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Countries of the Great Britain
England
Capital: London
Northern Ireland
Capital: Belfast
Scotland
Capital: Edinburgh
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Wales
Capital: Cardiff
Capital: London
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Monuments
England
London
Buckingham Palace houses the British monarch. The oldest part of the building was constructed in 1703 for the Duke of Buckingham, and more buildings were added in the 19th and 20th centuries. The palace contains a gallery that exhibits part of the Royal Collection of Art, as well as extensive private gardens. Visitors enjoy watching the traditional changing of the guard in front of the palace. Visitors can also arrange to take tours of selected parts of the palace grounds and interior.
One of England’s most famous and mysterious monuments is Stonehenge, a prehistoric grouping of large stones set in circles. The site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986.
The University of Oxford’s Bodleian Library is one of Europe’s oldest libraries. The library was established in 1602 and now contains over 11 million volumes.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge is one of London’s most iconic landmarks and has sat astride the River Thames since 1894. This Victorian bascule steam-powered bridge was a feat of industrial engineering in its time. Now, it’s been opened up to the public to take a look into the bowels of the bridge, and also to walk across the top walkways featuring the new Glass Walkways to look down at the river and see the pedestrians walking below. Offering great views up and downstream, it’s a great historic building in London to learn about the city both past and present.
Tower Bridge
Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey, the stunning Gothic UNESCO World Heritage Site and coronation church since the 11th century. Westminster Abbey is one of the most beautiful and impressive historic buildings in London and is the burial ground of some of England’s legendary authors, scientists and great thinkers.
Big Ben
Big Ben is the name given to the massive bell inside the clock tower, which weighs more than 13 tons (13,760 kg). The clock tower looks spectacular at night when the four clock faces are illuminated.
Scotland
Capital: Edinburgh
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Monuments
Scotland
Edinburgh
Dunrobin Castle is the most northerly of Scotland's great houses and the largest in the Northern Highlands with 189 rooms. Dunrobin Castle is also one of Britain's oldest continuously inhabited houses dating back to the early 1300s, home to the Earls and later, the Dukes of Sutherland.
Located in Mariefred, a picturesque town on Lake Mälaren, this renaissance castle offers romantic grounds, a fallow deer nature reserve and collections of furniture, handicrafts, and interiors from four centuries. Including Gustav III´s theatre and the Swedish National Portrait collection.
Drottningholm Palace is on UNESCO's World Heritage list. It is the most well-preserved royal castle built in the 1600s in Sweden and at the same time is representative of all European architecture for the period.
Edinburgh Castle
Edinburgh Castle is a world famous icon of Scotland and part of the Old and New Towns of Edinburgh’s World Heritage Site.
It was recently voted top UK Heritage Attraction in the British Travel Awards and is Scotland’s number one paid-for tourist attraction.
Edinburgh
Castle
Palace of Holyroodhouse
This palace is the royal family's official residence in Scotland, but is more famous as the 16th-century home of the ill-fated Mary, Queen of Scots.
Stirling Castle
Stirling is one of Scotland’s greatest stone castles. The castle peaked in importance in the 1500s, but its volcanic crag has been fortified since ancient times.
Capital: Belfast
Flag:
Northern Ireland
Monuments
Northern Ireland
Belfast
For more than a millennium, the Rock of Cashel, a formidable stronghold rising high above the surrounding plain, has stood sentinel over Tipperary. Legend—and a carved cross—imply an association between St. Patrick and the Rock’s earliest rulers, the kings of Munster.
Dunluce Castle in Northern Ireland was such an easily defended stronghold—it crowns a high, rocky crag jutting out into the sea reached by a bridge (formerly a drawbridge) over a ravine. Dating back to the 13th century, for a time it was the seat of the Clan MacDonnell.
The Palm House of Belfast Botanic Gardens - County Antrim. One of the oldest curvilinear cast iron glasshouses in the world, built in 1840. Plant house contains many unique plants including 400 years old Xanthorrhoea from Australia.
Belfast Castle
Between 1945 and the 1970s Belfast Castle was a popular venue for wedding receptions, dances and afternoon teas.
Belfast Castle
Stormont Castle
Stormont Castle is a mansion on the Stormont Estate in east Belfast which is used as the main meeting place of the Northern Ireland Executive. It was never a castle as such: the original building was reworked in the nineteenth century in the Scottish baronial style with features such as bartizans used for decorative purposes.
Albert Memorial Clock
Belfast's Albert Memorial Clock Tower remains one of Belfast’s most recognized monuments. Constructed in 1869, the tower was named in honour of Queen Victoria’s husband, Prince Albert.
Wales
Capital: Cardiff
Flag:
Monuments
Wales
Cardiff
Conwy Castle is a medieval fortification in Conwy, on the north coast of Wales. It was built by Edward I, during his conquest of Wales, between 1283 and 1289.
Portmeirion is a beautiful hotel resort and visitor attraction on the coast of Snowdonia National Park in Gwynedd, North Wales.
Welsh National War Memorial
This monument commemorates the Welsh people who died in the First and Second World Wars.
Welsh National War Memorial
Cardiff Castle
The Castle you see today, in the heart of the capital city, is at once a Roman fort, an impressive castle and an extraordinary Victorian Gothic fantasy palace, created for one of the world’s richest men.
Cardiff City Hall
City Hall stands in the heart of Cardiff. It is the centrepiece of one of the world’s finest civic centres, an area of impressive civic buildings, landscaped gardens and broad tree- lined avenues. Opened in 1906.
Great Britain
Information
Traditions
Daylight Savings Time
It is a tradition observed by England. Clocks are moved back one hour and takes place one week ahead of daylight savings time in America.
Shrove Tuesday takes place before the start of Lent and is celebrated by Christians across the country by making pancakes. Pancakes are similar to crepes in England accompanied by golden syrup, sugar or lemon.
Boxing Day is the day after Christmas and almost like an extension of the main holiday. People spent time with their families and loved ones, as many are tired or off from work. Typical traditions include watching sports, playing games, hunting, going for walks and eating Christmas leftovers. People also love to shop on Boxing Day.
New Year’s Eve
The largest celebration of fireworks explodes at midnight over the London Eye. Big Ben chimes and rings in the New Year and British people sing Auld Lang Syne. Crowds gather at Trafalgar Square or Piccadilly Circus.
MEALS and MEAL TIMES
The traditional English breakfast consists of eggs, bacon, sausages, fried bread, baked beans and mushrooms. Even though not many people will eat this for breakfast today, it is always served in hotels and guest houses around Britain.
Many children at school and adults at work will have a 'packed lunch'. This typically consists of a sandwich, a packet of crisps, a piece of fruit and a drink. The 'packed lunch' is kept in a plastic container.
Dinner
A typical British meal for dinner is meat and "two veg".
One of the vegetables is almost always potatoes.
DINNER
Traditional cakes
Victoria Sponge
Sometimes called a Victoria sandwich, this type of sponge cake is typically filled with whipped cream and raspberry jam.
Welsh Cake
It tends to be eaten on its own, rather than with jam and cream, because it is sweetened with raisins, sultanas or currants, and sugar.
Battenberg Cake
Covered in marzipan, the pink and yellow colours and chequered pattern are a Battenberg’s signature features. It is thought to have been made for the occasion of the royal wedding between Prince Louis of Battenburg and Princess Victoria in 1884.