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Nuclear Emergency Power Plant
1
Transcript
How to Prepare and Protect?
- Emergecy plans (onsite and offsite)
- NIMS
- Evacuation efforts
- Shelterring and setting up shelters
- Distribution of potassium iodide
- Long-term monitoring for delayed health effects
When is Radiation Dangerous
Why is Radiation Dangerous?
- Dose:
Higher dose = greater risk of negative health effects
- Length of exposure
High doses over a short period of time or low doses over a long period of time
- It damages DNA
- Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)
- Cutaneous Radition Syndrome
- Cancer and cardiovascular disease
References
Who is at Risk?
What is the Danger?
- U.S. National Nuclear Regulatory Comussion. (2018, June). https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/emerg-plan-prep-nuc-power.html
- CDC. (2018, April). Acute Radiation Syndrome: A Fact SHeet for Clinicians.https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/emergencies/arsphysicianfactsheet.htm#:~:text=Symptoms%20are%20extreme%20nervousness%20and,burning%20sensations%20of%20the%20skin.&text=Onset%20occurs%20within%20minutes%20of%20exposure.&text=Stage%20lasts%20for%20minutes%20to%20hours.&text=Patient%20may%20return%20to%20partial%20functionality.
- CDC. (2019, December 16). Nuclear Power Plant Accidents. https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/multimedia/infographics/nuclear_power_plant_accidents.html
- Coleman, C. N., Sullivan, J. M., Bader, J. L., Murrain-Hill, P., Koerner, J. F., Garrett, A. L., Weinstock, D. M., Case, C., Jr, Hrdina, C., Adams, S. A., Whitcomb, R. C., Graeden, E., Shankman, R., Lant, T., Maidment, B. W., & Hatchett, R. C. (2015). Public health and medical preparedness for a nuclear detonation: the nuclear incident medical enterprise. Health physics, 108(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000000249
Radiation and Radioactive materials
- Plant Employees/Workers
- People in the Plume Esposure Pathway (10 miles in radius around a plant)
- People in the ingestion pathway (50 miles in radius around a plant)
- People downwind to the power plant at the time of an emergency
- First Responders
References
1.
Nuclear Emergencies: Power Plant Accidents
By: Christopher Murray
Public Health Preparedness Trainer
Objectives
- Who is at Risk?
- What is the Danger?
- When is Radiation Dangerous?
- Why is Radiation Dangerous?
- How Prepare and Protect?
Cutaneous Radiation Syndrome
CRS
- Acute Radiation Skin Exposure
- Can occur without ARS
- Happens when radioactive materials contaiminate skin or clothes
- Symptoms: Inflammation; Desquamation; Itching; Blistering; Ulceration; Hair loss
Acute Radiation Synrome
ARS
- Needs a large dose (>0.7 Gray or 70 Rads)
- Must come from outside the body
- Must be penetrating
- Whole Body
- Short duration of delivery
- Four stages
- Manifestations:
- Bone marrow syndrome
- GI syndrome
- CV Syndrome
- CNS Syndrome
Evacuation
- Complete plant evacuation
- 2 mile ring around plant
- 5 mile zone directly downwind and to either side of potential path
- Further evacuations as needed
Shelter
Shelters
- Those within 10 mile radius advised to shelter: In homes, schools, or workplaces
- When release is short term or controlled
- Avoids exposure of skin and clothes to more radiation
Potassium Iodide
- Prevents thyroid absorption of radioactive iodine
- Reduces risk of thyroid cancers and other thyroid diseases
- Has potential side effects
KI
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