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By: Breanna Crawford

Date: 04-21/25-2021

Class: Georgia Studies

Timeline of Georgia's Major Events

Age of Exploration Events

(Mid-1500s-1684)

Historical Events:

-Establishment of Spanish Missions (1568-1684)

Age of Exploration

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Explanation

The Establishment of Spanish Missionaries is when the Spanish "founded" Georgia. This event is important because it set up what Georgia is today.

Colonial Period Events

(1732-1750)

Historic Events:

-Charter of 1732 (June 1732)

-Trustee Period (1732-1752)

-Reasons for Georgia's Founding (Economic, Philanthropy, Buffer Colony) (1732-1750)

-Founding of Savannah (1733)

-Start of Slavery (1750)

Colonial Period

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Explanation

The Charter of 1732 was the charter that allowed James Oglethorpe to colonize Georgia. It is important because it outlined the reasons for Georgia's settlement. The Trustee Period is a unique, but unsuccessful social and economic experiment. It is important because in that period, the British government hoped that the colony would produce agricultural products that Britain needed. The Reasons for Georgia's Founding are philanthropy, economics, and defense. The Reasons for Georgia's Founding are important because each would help out the British in some way. The Founding of Savannah is important because it was the first step in in realizing the colony of Georgia. Slavery is when one human being owns another and forces the other human being to do labor with no pay.

Revolutionary Era Events

(1754-1787)

Historic Events:

-Royal Period (1775)

-Slavery (1750-1800s)

-Declaration of Independence Signing (Aug 2, 1776)

-Articles of Confederation (1777)

-Battle of Kettle Creek (Feb 14, 1779)

-Siege of Savannah (Sept 23 - Oct 18, 1779)

-Beginning of Head Right System (1783)

Revolutionary Era

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Explanation

The Royal Period is the time between the ending of the Trustee governance of Georgia and the beginning of the colonies declaration of independence. It is important because during that time, Georgia's population grew. Slavery is when one human being owns another and forces the other human being to do labor with no pay. It was important because they adored and praised slavery. The Declaration of Independence Signing was when the Declaration of Independence was signed. It is important because it was the document that officially declared the colonies independence from Great Britain. The Article of Confederation is the first written constitution. It was important to learn from because it lead Georgia to a weak government. The Battle of Kettle Creek was a battle lead by Elijah Clark and Thomas Dooly. It was important because it raised the morale of the Georgia Patriots. The Siege of Savannah is the failed attempt by American and French forces to retake the British city port. It is important because several American heroes emerged from this.

National Expansion Events

(1789-1840)

Historic Events:

-University of Georgia Created (Jan 27, 1785)

-Invention of Cotton Gin (1794)

-Yazoo Land Fraud (1795)

-Georgia's Silk Industry (1800s)

-Slavery (1750 - 1800s)

-Dahlonega Gold Rush (1829)

-Beginning of State's Rights (1825-1850)

-Establishment of Railroads (mid-1830s)

-Trail of Tears (1838)

National Expansion

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Explanation

The University of Georgia is the first state created school of higher education. It is important because it was the first ever public school to be chartered. The cotton gin is an invention that made harvesting cotton easier to do. This is important because cotton was one of the main crops Georgia grew. The Yazoo Land Fraud was a scheme where Georgia legislatures were bribed to sell land that is far below potential value. This was important because it caused controversy. Georgia's Silk Industry was the technology of silk fiber production. It was important because it was another one of Georgia's major industries. Slavery is when one human being owns another and forces the other human being to do labor with no pay. It was important because the cotton gin was invented which spiked an up rage of slavery.. The Dahlonega Gold Rush was when everybody wanted to get gold once it was discovered in 1828. This is important because it sped the removal of the Cherokee from north Georgia. The Establishment of Railroads are the aiding transportation system. It was important because it helped transported raw cotton to where it needed to be. The trail of tears was when most of the Cherokee were forcefully removed from the state. It was important because it caused years of litigation between the state of Georgia and the United States.

Antebellum Period Events

(1783-1861)

Historic Events:

-Slavery (1750 - 1800s)

-Land Lotteries (May 11, 1803)

-State's Rights (1825-1850)

-Nullification Crisis (1832)

-Tenant Farming (1850)

-Compromise of 1850 (Dec 10, 1850)

-Georgia Platform (Dec 10, 1850)

-Dred Scott Case (March 6, 1857)

-Election of 1860 (Nov 6, 1860)

-Debate Over Secession (Jan 16 - March 23 1861

-Union Blockade (April 1861)

Antebellum Period

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Explanation

The land lottery systems was an approach to allocate land. This was important because it gave the average Georgian an opportunity to gain a large amount of land. State's rights was a major conflict in the United States. It was important because it regarded the amount of power a state government has in relation to amount of power in the federal government. The Nullification Crisis was a dispute over tariffs. It was important because the North supported it and the South did not. Tenant farming is an agricultural production system in which land owners contribute their land. This was important because it became the principal means of mobilizing and controlling labor. The Compromise of 1850 was a bill that Mr.Clay and Mr. Douglas grudgingly agreed on. It was important because it consisted of five laws that dealt with the issue of slavery and territorial expansion. The Georgia Platform is a statement executed by the Georgia Convection in response to the Compromise of 1850. It is important because it warned that the state would and should resist any future congressional activity. The Dred Scott case is referring to the Dred Scott decision. It was important because it is a slavery-related decision made by the United States. The Election of 1860 is the election where Abraham Lincoln won. This election was important because it pushed the country to an important war. The debate over secession was a heated debate that led to an overwhelming pro-secession vote. It was important because it made clear that the defense of slavery was the primary cause for dissolving the Union. The Union Blockade was a naval strategy by the United States in the American Civil War. It was important because it prevented the export of cotton and the smuggling of war material into the Confederacy.

Civil War Era Events

(1850-1871)

Historic Events:

-Emancipation Proclamation (Jan 1, 1863)

-Battle of Chickamauga (Sept 18-20, 1863)

-Andersonville (Feb 1864 - -May 1865)

-Atlanta Campaign (May 7, 1864 - Sept 2, 1864)

-March to the Sea (Nov 15, 1864)

-13th Amendment (Jan 31, 1865)

-Establishment of the Freedman's Bureau (March 3, 1865)

-14th Amendment (July 9, 1868)

-Rise of the Ku Klux Klan (1868-early 1870s)

-15th Amendment (1870)

-Beginning of Sharecropping (1870s)

Civil War Era

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Explanation

It was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by the United States President Abraham Lincoln. It gave slaves the opportunity to give slaves a free life in the U.S. The battle of Chickamauga is a battle that was between the U.S. and the Confederate forces. Andersonville was when 45,000 Union prisoners held at Camp Sumter during the war. It was important because it was the South's largest prison for captured Union soldiers. The Atlanta Campaign was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater. It was important because it eventually cut of a main Confederate supply center. The March to the Sea was a military campaign of the American Civil War. It is important because it was to frighten Georgia's civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. The 13th amendment is "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or ..." This was important because it abolished slavery in the U.S. The Freedman's Bureau was an important agency that assisted freed men in the South. It was important because it helped former black slaves and poor whites after the Civil War. The 14th Amendment is "All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside ..." It was important because it granted everyone born or naturalized in the U.S. "equal protection of the laws." The Ku Klux Klan was a white supremacist hate group. It was important because they used domestic violence against people. The 15th Amendment is "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." It was important because is gave everyone in the U.S. the right to vote. Sharecropping is a legal arrangement. It was important because it gave people food and shelters in trade of work.

Reconstruction Events

(1865-1872)

Historical Events:

-13th Amendment (Jan 31, 1865)

-14th Amendment (July 9, 1868)

-15th Amendment (1870)

Reconstruction

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Explanation

The 13th amendment is "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or ..." This was important because it abolished slavery in the U.S. The 14th Amendment is "All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside ..." It was important because it granted everyone born or naturalized in the U.S. "equal protection of the laws." The 15th Amendment is "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." It was important because is gave everyone in the U.S. the right to vote.

New South Era Events

(1881-1916)

Historical Events:

-Head Right System (1783-1909)

-Leo Frank Case (April 17, 1884 - Aug 17, 1915)

-Rise of Jim Crow Laws (Early 1890s)

-International Cotton Expositions (1895)

-Plessy v. Ferguson (May 18, 1896)

-Rise of the "Knights of Mary Phagan" (Aug 17, 1915)

-Introduction of the Boll Weevil (1915)

New South Era

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Explanation

The Head Right System is a legal grant of land given to settlers in the European colonization period. It was important because they were most notable for their role in the expansion of the Thirteen colonies. The Leo Frank Case was one of the most publicized cases in Georgia. It was important because it convicted a Jewish man for murdering a 13 year old in the National Pencil Company where he worked. Jim Crow Laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. They were important because they denied equal opportunity to people of color. The International Cotton Exposition was a world's fair field in Atlanta. It was important because it helped Atlanta by showcasing it as a regional business center. Plessy v. Ferguson was a landmark decision made by the U.S. Supreme Court. It was important because it upheld the importance of diminishing racial segregation laws for public facilities. The "Knights of Mary Phagan" was a mob of Atlanta's social elites who abducted Leo Frank from prison. They were important because they caused the lynching of a Jewish man, Leo Frank. A Boll Weevil is an insect that feeds on fibers from cotton. This was important because the boll weevils were eating up Georgia's most depended on crop.

World in Crisis Events

(1924 - 1939)

Historic Events:

-Drought of 1924 (1924-1927)

-Great Depression (1930s)

-Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933)

-Civilian Conservation Corps (March 31, 1933)

-New Deal (1933-1939)

-Social Security Act (1935)

-Rural Electrification Act (May 1936)

World in Crisis

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Explanation

The Drought of 1924 is known to be one of the worst droughts in GA history. It is important because it caused Georgia citizens to starve and to be out of work. The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression. It was important because around 69% of people in Goergia were basically out of a job. The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was a United States federal law. It was important because it allowed farmers to subsidies in exchange for limiting the amount of crops they grew. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a voluntary ublic work relief program. It was important because it carried out projects that had lasting value to all Georgians. The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, and etc. in the United States. It was important because all in al, it helped restore faith in American economics. The Social Security Act (SSA) was a law. It was important because it provided retirement benefits for people in the 1930s. The Rural Electrification Act (REA) was another act in the New Deal that dealt with bringing electricity to rural America. It was important because it provided a fair chance for rural America to recieve electricity.

Contemporary Period Events

(1917-1996)

Historic Events:

-Great Migration (1916-1970)

-Great War (1914-1918)

-Savannah and Brunswick Ship Yards (1941-1945)

-Attack on Pearl Harbor (Dec 7,1941)

-Ending of Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)

-WWII (1914-1945)

-Bell Bomber Plant (1943)

-Brown v. Board of Education (1949-1961)

-End of Share Cropping (1950s)

-1956 State Flag (1956)

-Sibley Commission (1960-ish)

-Albany Movement (Nov 17, 1961)

-March on Washington (Aug 28, 1963)

-Civil Rights Act of 1964

-U.S. Constitution (Nov 2, 1982)

-1996 Olympic Games (1996)

Contemporary Period

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Explanation

The Great Migration was the movement of about six million African Americans from the Southern states. It was important because it made African Americans build a place for themselves in public life. The Great War was a world war that lasted roughly around 4 years. It was important because no war has ever caused as much destruction as the Great War has. The Savannah and Brunswick Ship Yards were large ships or "Liberty Ships" that transported vital goods. It was important because during WWII it delivered supplies to American allies. The Attack on Pearl Harbor was a suprise aerial attack on a U.S. Naval base that killed 2,403 people. It was important because that is what caused America to join WWII. The LendLease Act was a program which supplied the UK, Free France, and the Republic of China, Soviet Union, and etc. with food, oil, and other material. It was important because it provided militry aid to any country (on the allied side) who was vita to the defense of United States. WWII was a global war that involved most of the world's countries. WWII was important to Georgia because it helped lift the Great Depression off of us. The Bell Bomber Plant was a facility built for aircraft in WWII. It was important because it transformed Marietta, Georgia. Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court. It was important because it marked a turning point for racial injustice in the United States. The 1956 State Flag was Goeriga's flag in 1956. It was changed to incorporate the Confederate battle flag. It was important because it held great contorversy over keeping it or not. The Sibley Commission was the committee charged with gathering state residents' sentiments. I was important because the primary aim of it was to discover hoe Georgians' felt about integration. The Albany Movement was a desegregation and voters' rights coalation. It was important because the goal was to desegregate an entire community. The March on Washington was a march determined to advocate for the civil and economic rights for African Americans. It was important because it was what essentially pushed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Civil Righs Act is a landmark in civil rights. It is important becasue it outlaws discrimination based on race, color, region, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, and gender identity. The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the U.S.A. It is important because it established America'a national government and fundemental laws. The 1996 Olympic Games as an athletic festival held in Atlanta, Georgia. It was important becasue it had a great, beneficial impact on georgia economics wise.

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