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OW&W Unit 3 pt. 1
1
Transcript
Clouds
Unit 3 pt. 1
What is transpiration?
Water Cycle
Transpiration is the release of water vapor through the breath of people and animals, or when plants perform photosynthesis.
- God uses the change in our weather to move water around the world, using it over and over again.
- This water cycle begins with water vapor entering the atmosphere in one of three ways.
- The most commonly used way is evaporation, which occurs when the rays from the sun heat water molecules, eventually changing them a from a liquid to a gas.
- The second way water enters the atmosphere is through transpiration.
- The final way water enters the atmosphere is through vaporization.
- Vaporization occurs when liquid
is heated to its boiling
point.
- No matter how it enters the atmosphere, all water is used in the same manner.
- After entering the atmosphere, the water vapor is moved by wind.
- Eventually the air cools and the water vapor condenses, forming clouds.
- The air cools even further, releasing the now condensed water in the form of rain, snow, sleet, hail, or dew.
- A portion of the water is used by the living things inhabiting the earth, but most of it, in one way or another, returns to the ocean.
- This water is then recycled yet again in the ingenious pattern called the water cycle.
What is a convection cell?
A convection cell is a bubble of warm air.
Cloud Formation
- Clouds are a large collection of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air.
- For these clouds to form the sun must first heat the earth's surface and cause water to evaporate.
- Once the water evaporates, the warm, moist air expands and rises, this is called convection.
- As the air rises it cools, and it continues to rise and cool until the surrounding air is colder than the convection cell.
- The water vapor eventually cools enough to condense into water droplets.
- The water vapor condenses when it reaches the dew point.
- The dew point is the area where the air is holding as much moisture as it can for its current temperature, which is called 100% relative humidity.
- Once the water vapor reaches the dew point, water droplets will begin to cling onto dust, pollen, or any other particle in the air.
- Another way water vapor reaches the dew point is when a warm air mass meets a cold air mass.
- The warm air mass is forced to rise over the cold air mass, and the warm air cools and condenses.
- This same thing can happen if a cold air mass meets a mountain.
- Although a large cloud can weigh as much as 700,000 tons, it continues floating in the air.
- This is accomplished with the help of the upward air pressure, which holds up each individual water droplet.
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