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AP Psychology Brain Project
2
The Brain
Sony Menon
WHat is the corpus Callosum?
The corpus callosum is a stretch of membrane that connects the two hemispheres of the brain. It is responsible for the communication between these hemispheres.
Corpus callosum
WHat is the Thalamus?
The thalamus is the brain’s sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem. It directs messages to the sensory areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.
Thalamus
WHat is the Hypothalamus?
The hypothalamus lies below the thalamus and controls maintenance activities, such as eating, drinking, temperature, and emotion. It also governs the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus when jogging
function when jogging
When jogging, a lot of physical exertion is done, especially when done for a long period of time. The body needs to be nourished in order to be able to run for so long. The hypothalamus allows our body to tell us when we need water, so that we always are hydrated when we are out for a run.
WHat is the Hippocampus?
The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system and is responsible for the formation of new memories, specifically explicit memories.
Hippocampus
function when jogging
The hippocampus when jogging
When jogging, you must remember the path that you usually take. Not being familiar with the path you take could get you lost. The hippocampus holds this memory, so that you do not run at random and you can always find your way home.
WHat is the Amygdala?
The amygdala is a part of your limbic system. It lies in front of the hippocampus and controls feelings of anger and fear.
Amygdala
function when jogging
The amygdala when jogging
When running, especially near a road, cars are always a danger, since if you run in the middle of the road, you could get hit by a vehicle. The amygdala helps maintain a healthy fear of such dangers, so that you keep yourself safe and run on the sidewalk instead of on open roads
WHat is The pituitary gland?
The pituitary gland is called the "master gland". The anterior lobe releases hormones to regulate the other endocrine glands, and the posterior lobe controls the body's salt and water content.
Pituitary gland
function when jogging
The pituitary gland when jogging
The posterior pituitary gland controls the water and salt balance in your body. If these are thrown off-balance, you may fall sick due to dehydration. This gland allows you to maintain your salt levels and to ensure that you do not lose too much of the water in your body via sweating.
WHat are the Medulla and Cerebellum?
function when jogging
The medulla is at the base of the brainstem. It controls heartbeat and respiration.
The cerebellum is at the back of the brain. It controls balance and voluntary movemet. It also forms and stores procedural memories.
Medulla Cerebellum
function when jogging
The medulla when jogging
Having a higher heartrate and respiration rate is vital for when you are running, as it allows more oxygen to be distributed to your working muscles more quickly. The medulla is the part of the brain that will increase them when you are out jogging.
The cerebellum when jogging
In order for us to be able to run, we must be able to maintain balance, especially considering the fact that we are bipedal, which requires much more balancing skills to master. Our cerebellum provides the bodily balance we need for our jog.
WHat is the frontal lobe?
The frontal lobe is the anterior part of the cerebrum. It deals with reasoning, planning, parts of speech and movement, emotions and problem-solving.
Frontal Lobe
WHat is the motor cortex?
The motor cortex is the portion of your brain that controls voluntary movement
function when jogging
Motor cortex
The motor cortex when jogging
The motor cortex sends impulses to our somatic nervous system to move our muscles. Thus, the motor cortex is necessary in order for us to be able to tell our bodies to run.
WHat is the sensory cortex?
The sensory cortex receives information from the surface of the skin and other sensory organs.
Sensory cortex
WHat is the parietal lobe?
The parietal lobe lies at the top back end of your head. It controls the perception of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. The motor and sensory cortex make it up.
Parietal Lobe
function when jogging
The parietal lobe when jogging
When running, it is important to be able to feel the environment around us. feeeling the ground allows us to alter our motion to fit the terrain (incline body when running up) and assessing the temperature around us allows us to dress appropriately for the run, so that we do not overexert the body. The parietal lobe assists us with this.
What is the occipital lobe?
The occipital lobe is at the posterior end of the brain. It controls the interpretation of vision.
Occipital lobe
function when jogging
The occipital lobe when jogging
When jogging, we must be able to see our environment. This allows us to go around any obstacles in the way, and to assess dangerous routes, such as the middle of the road. Our occipital lobe allows is to perceive our visual information, so that we can properly overcome any physical obstacles in the way.
WHat is the temporal lobe?
The temporal lobe is on the side of the cerebrum. It controls auditory functions as well as memory.
function when jogging
Temporal Lobe
The temporal lobe when jogging
Our hearing is just as important as our vision for understanding our sorroundings. Our vision can only interpret what occurs in front of us, but our ears can pick up on sounds from all around us. Our temporal lobe allows us to hear for any interferences coming from behind, such as a biker, and to move out of the way for them. There is alos the additional plus that it allows us to listen to music when running.
WHat is the broca's area?
The Broca's area is a small portion at the lateral extremities of the brain. It controls speech and verbal communication.
Broca's area
Works cited
Fin
Sources
Thalamus: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2021/01/thalamus-damage.png
Hypothalamus: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2020/03/hypothalamus-damage-1.png
Corpus callosum: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2021/11/corpus-callosum.png
Hippocampus: https://images.theconversation.com/files/60947/original/q78kg3bz-1412624008.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=926&fit=clip
Amygdala: https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSzXRcdQJcy84Ie1QbqZtEzuLqdFhyVfcbQinsWTtr27KzKrB8A
Pituitary gland: https://www.kenhub.com/thumbor/STG856TIYcpVqFJcQotaTV6rv_Y=/fit-in/413x413/filters:fill(FFFFFF,true):watermark(/images/watermark_only_sm.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url_sm.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/anatomy_term/glandula-pituitaria/Ms1qanYGoFhlMPDydREuA_image1_medial.png
Medulla oblongata: https://anatomy.net/uploads/924a58c1-46b4-41b7-88bd-17b0dbd6f0cf.jpg?width=1200
Cerebellum: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2020/11/cerebellum-damage.png
Frontal lobe: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2020/06/frontal-lobe-stroke.png
Motor cortex; https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2020/11/primary-motor-cortex-damage.png
Sensory cortex: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2020/03/somatosensory-cortex-damage.png
Parietal lobe: https://www.spinalcord.com/hubfs/img/parietal-lobe.png
Occipital lobe: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2021/01/occipital-lobe-stroke.png
Temporal lobe: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2020/06/temporal-lobe-stroke.png
Broca's area: https://cdn.flintrehab.com/uploads/2022/07/Brocas-area.png