Govn't Policies on Indigenous Peoples Timeline

European Affected

Affect on Europe

The makers of Mercantilism were the Europeans and was used to boost the European economy for their own purposes such as depending on trades which heavily boosts their economy. Through mercantilism they became very powerful because they began the slave trading industry through mercantilism. Slaves were working for the Europeans. They also convinced others but made unequal trades with opposite parties so the only Europeans would get the benefit and the opposite side trading would receive a unfair trade. It gave the Europeans an industrial growth and also an national growth with he new manufacturing goods made in Europe

Affects on Indigenous People

Affects on Indigenous People

Since mercantilism was used by the Europeans, it had a major affect on the indigenous people. The Europeans forced the indigenous people to be converted into their slaves, while also making indigenous people a major part of their trade to increase their economy. Through slavery, the indigenous people were treated like they were not humans but they were some sort of toy that the Europeans could use anytime. They worked in hard conditions and they were locked in cages and released when the Europeans needed them to finish some sort of task.

How were the First Nations Affected

How were the First Nations affected

The Royal Proclamation prevented British settlers from purchasing the lands of First Nations. This benefited them because some British settlers would try to steal or make a unequal trade with the First Nations. Only the Crown can purchase the lands of First Nations. It also showed a recognition towards the existing rights of First Nations peoples and their existence in society. Because of the Royal Proclamation, the First Nations were able to affirm their identity and practice their cultural beliefs.

How were the Europeans Affected

How were the Europeans Affected

The Royal Proclamation attracted former British soldiers through providing land for them. However, the British and American colonists were angered because of this proclamation because almost all of the territory was provided to the First Nations while the Crown made strict rules for all of the colonists. The Royal Proclamation made the Crown and essential agent in transferring the First Nation lands to colonial settlers. Many British settlers hated the claim because they felt like they were being controlled by the government as they needed to follow strict rules.

Affect on Metis

Affect on Metis

Pemmican Proclamation had a huge affect on the Metis because this law issued by MacDonell forbid the Metis to export pemmican to the North West Company which meant they couldn't export any provisions outside of the Red River district. This anger the Metis and the North West Company because pemmican was one the major things they exported to make revenue. Instead they were forced to export pemmican to the Hudson's Bay Company.

Affects on Governor and HBC

Affect on Governor and HBC

The Pemmican Proclamation positively affected the both the governor and the Hudson's Bay Company by them making huge profits from the pemmican exported from the Hudson's Bay Company rather than the North West Company. McDonell was always against the North West Company and was a part of the Hudson's Bay Company so if the HBC exports pemmican, they both will get a profit. Pemmican was highly valuable food source and is very useful when making trips across the seas so the more pemmican exports the more profits a company gets

Affects on Metis

Affects of Metis

In the favor for the Metis, the Manitoba Act brought and guaranteed that the Metis would have a title for the land that they already farmed in. Also they would receive 1.4 acres of farmland. The Act also recognized the Metis as a title while providing them indigenous rights by way of their Indian ancestry while granting them millions acres of lands. Making a title of Metis means that on the Canadian government books they finally got a individual title of Metis.

Affects on Canadian Government

Affects on Canadian Gov.

The Canadian government benefited by giving the Metis a promise that their lands would be protected but in exchange all other lands are the property of Canada. Also the Metis couldn't get a legal title before the Canadian surveyors had finish checking the land and the job would take 3 years to complete so 3 year wait until the Metis get an legal title.

Affects on First Nations

Affects of First Nations

All of the treaties were signed and brought promises to the First Nation. But the all of the treaties were broken by the Canadian government after a decade and they started to assimilate the First Nations by establishing more and more residential schools while stealing their traditional lands. The government began stealing their land without offering everything stated in the treaties signed.

Affects of Canadian Government

Affect on Canadian Government

The Numbered Treaties benefited the Canadian government because the Canadian government had the permission to get involved with the First Nations traditional lands while only giving little much in return to the First Nations. The treaties were used as political tools to secure alliances between the Canadian government and the First Nations. The Canadian government gained reserved land from the First Nations in exchange for other benefits but most of the benefits state never got received to the First Nations

Primary Sources

A primary source for Treaties are the actual papers that have been signed in order for the Treaties to have a meaning.

Primary Source

Affects on First Nations

Affects on First Nations

First Nations suffered from the Indian Act because it tried to steal the First Nations culture and forcefully give them a new culture to believe in. It stole First Nation identities, cultural identities, took away children to be assimilated in residential schools. In their saying "its to kill the Indian in the child", when in residential schools. Till this day, residential school and Indian act survivors suffer from numerous diseases and depression.

Affects on Canada

Affects on Canada

Canada developed the Indian Act to forcefully stuff their culture into First Nations people making them fully assimilated by the dominant culture. The Canadian government established residential schools and rules which physically and mentally harms a child which may fully forget his culture and have long term effects of the beats they have received and lead them to making bad decisions in life.

Peoples of Canada

How did this Affect the Peoples of Canada

When the National Policy was issued, the peoples of Canada benefited a lot because this introduced many new opportunities while providing people a place to work and have a income to earn. This also helped the Canadians live in a nation which has a true economy and may have different situations where they can help increase the Canadian economy. Provided people with newly seen manufactured goods. Improved the food resource in the country by the government promising that they will improve agriculture. The creation of the National Railway was built through the National Policy which transported the goods for Canadians

Government Affected

How did this Affect the Government

Through the the arrival of the National Policy, it established Canada its own national economy which made Canada become a more efficient country. Also when this policy was being planned it received positive reviews from the Canadian citizens which lead John.A.McDonald and its party in winning the election. And this made him the first prime minister of Canada. Many new constructions began to be introduced which attracted other countries which positively affected Canada's economy and the citizens living in Canada. Basically the government was affected positively by the National Policy

Affects on Indigenous People

Affect on Indigenous People

As the government produced to ban of the traditional ceremony, it had a major affect on the indigenous people because the Potlatch was a major event in their culture and protected their culture and identity. The Potlatch was a symbol/celebration that defines a property and meaning to affirm the indigenous culture while keeping their cultural legacy alive. But it was taken away from them and got banned in 1884. Some time later, the Potlatch was unbanned in 1951 but since that time, many indigenous people were assimilated, died, or forgot what the Potlatch was.

Affect on Europeans (Canadian Gov)

Affect on Europeans

The Europeans benefited a lot from banning Potlatch because their main goal was to assimilate and eliminate the indigenous culture while converting them into their religion and culture. Was banned because they saw it being anti-Christianity and a wasteful celebration that only used most of the land to perform. Through the banning of Potlatch, they assimilated a lot of indigenous people into Christianity before its renewal in 1951. Basically the government took away their most important tradition so the indigenous would not learn more about their culture.

Primary Source

Kwaxalanukwame', Odan, Chief Johnny Drabble wearing Baxwbakwalanuksiwe' mask & costume after surrender of regalia, Parish Hall, Alert Bay, 1922.

This represented his cultural traditions and his way to express his own identity thorugh his tradtionnal cloths of Potlatch.

Primary Source

Affects for First Nations

Affects of First Nations

This system prevented and restricted the access to local towns in order for First Nations farmers wasting time besides of planting crops. The worst part was that the First Nations needed to walk miles to just get a pass/card from their reserve officer to step outside of their reserve. Sometimes the officer wouldn't be inside his office so the the First Nations had to wait for him to come to receive the access card. Also not guaranteed if they will receive a pass.

Primary Source

A primary source for the Pass System is the authentic paper where the pass system was first indicated. The paper where the Pass System rules were written.

Primary Source

Affects on Canadian Government

Affects on Canadian Government

From the Pass System, the Canadian government had positive affects such as them having almost all of the control over the First Nations and almost assimilating them as their children were forced to attend residential schools. Many Canadians had positive comments on this act but in reality its a offense which would be hard to give aid to. The First Nation farmers were forced to farm all day and bring all of the grown crops to the local store and only earn half the money they are supposed to get. This meant that the Canadian government had more power than the First Nations while trying to make them their own by assimilation.

Affect on Metis

Affect on Metis

The Metis Population Betterment Act provided the Metis in having their own committee which lead to them having their own settlements (Metis land settlements). While this act being recorded in the Canadian history book where the government actually listened to the Metis carefully and passed their claim which provided the opportunity for the Metis to have a voice

Affect of Canadian Government

Affects of Canadian Government

In 1939, the provincial government passed the Metis Population Betterment Act because through this act the provincial can improve the relationships with Metis. Before the Canadian government tried to assimalate the Metis. This would help them at least aid some of the wound for the Metis. Also created a spot for the Metis so they would be able to have a voice in the political commitee's and express their feels of topic. The main goal for the provincial government was to create bonds with the Metis and maintian peace with them

Topic

Affects on the Inuit

Affects on the Inuit

When Louis St. Laurent ordered to sovereignty the Arctic, the Inuit were kicked out of there territory and relocated them to the High Arctic. But they were also promised if the sovereignty didn't work out, the government promised the Inuit they could arrive back at their original location while giving an abundance of game and fish.

Affects on Canadian Government

Canadians Affects

The Canadian government wanted to establish a sovereignty in the Arctic which benefited them a lot because they had enough power to kick the Inuit up to the High Arctic and started building a sovereignty there. They also promised the Inuit that they would improve living conditions and assured plentiful of wildlife but nothing like that happened besides of the Inuit getting mislead and endured hardships.

Primary Source

A person from Inuit came to my old school and talked a bit about what happened to him during this period of time and how his group had to move into the High Arctic because they were forced by the Canadian government.

Primary Sources

How were the Inuit Affected

Affects of Inuit

The Inuit were affected hugely because their identity was almost stolen from them because they would permanently need a Disc that indicates a number which tells the Canadian government who they are. Basically their name is never spoken by the Canadians and only their tag names. They were also forced to wear the Disc at all times when outside to track their population and themselves as well.

Affects of Canadian Government

Affects on Canadian Government

The Canadian government in a way is trying to assimilate the Inuit by giving them name tags which shows a different name rather then their birth name. This also shows how the Canadian government tracked the total population of the Inuit while keeping the control over their moves. They made a rule that indicates that the Inuit people's have to wear those tags at all time and circumstances.

Primary Source

At my old school, we were learning the Inuit people, so a person from Inuit came and talked about how this name was taken and replaced with some sort of name that the Canadian government indicated. I forgot the persons name.

Primary Source