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Harmful Algal Blooms
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Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) Mitigation & Treatment
Mitigation Through Treatment
Health Effects of HABs
- Whole Cell Removal is removing algal cells without breaking them open
- DAF- Dissolved Air Floatation uses a coagulant to flocculate algal cells and floats them to the surface by air bubbles and removed with a skimmer
- Secondary Metabolite Removal
- Uses oxidation to neutralize foul odor and taste molecules from the secondary metabolites. This uses ozone, H2O2 and UV lights to create OH radicals that can break these down
Monitoring for Algal Growth
Early detection of HABs is key to controlling algal growth. Sensors can be used to detect potential HAB pigments but should be tested along with:
- Temperature
- Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
- pH
These parameters are key to understanding how and why HABs occur in a water system
- Harmful algal blooms release toxins that can cause: rashes and hives, airway irritation, gastroenteritis, liver toxicity, neurotoxicity, and harm to pets, livestock, and fish
What are they?
- HABs are blooms of harmful algal or cyanobacteria species in a water system
- They are harmful due to their ability to release toxins such as microcystins and cylindrospermopsins.
- HABs are becoming more frequent and intense throughout the globe
Mitigation and Treatment
3-Part HAB Strategy:
- Management at the source
- Monitoring for algal growth
- Mitigation through treatment
Economic Effects of HABs
HAB Mitigation and Treatment Success
- HABs can increase the cost of water treatment, cause dead zones in waterbodies, and are difficult to manage and treat once they start
To have success in mitigation and treatment, water treatment managers need to work with communities to manage point source contaminations and understand the local reservoir to esure best chances of early detection.
Management at the Source
Best HAB strategy is to prevent and limit growth of algea. This can be done by:
- Adding areation systems in reservoirs because algea outcompetes the competition at low O2 levels
- Adding buffer zones in urban and agricultural runoff zones to eliminate some point source contaminants
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