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Student will be able to answer the following:
1.The collection of longitudinal data on a person’s health;
2.Immediate electronic access to this information;
3. Establishment of a system that provides decision support to ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of patient care.
Electrontic Health Records are defined as information on a patient that can create, gather, and manage one's healthcare information and data.
Electronic Medical Record and Electronic Health Record can be used interchangbly but mean different things.
EMR is a digital version of the paper charts and contains the medical and treatment history of the patient, a list of medications and allergies
EHR contains patient data, but focuses on the patient’s total health, and has all information from all the health care providers the patient has.
There are eight key functions that the EMR should support:
1. Physician access to patient information
2. Acess to new and pass test results
3. Computerized provider order entry
4. Computerized decision systems to prevent
drug interactions
5. Secure electrontic communication
6. Patient access to health records
7. Computerized administraion processes
8. Standard based electronic data storage
There some basic benfits of the electronic health records, these include easy access to records and elminate poor penminship.
Three functionalities have the ability to improve the quality of care and reduce cost:
1. Clinical decision support (CDS) assists
the provider in making desicions
2. CPOE allows providers to entry orders
into a computer rather than paper
3. Health information exchange (HIE) is the
process of sharing patient records
between different organizations
Potential disadvantages of EHR's include
* financial issues
-implementation cost and ongoing maintaince
cost which can be costly
*changes in workflow and the temporary loss of
productivity
- medical staff and providers need to learn how
to use the new programming and now takes
time away from giving quality care to the
patient
*privacy concerns
- privacy violations due to the increase in health
inforamtion exchanged electrontically
All these examples use E-prescribing which is a form of CPOE. They consists of medication history, benefits information, and processing new and existing prescriptions. With E-prescribing the nurse or physician signs into the system that is being used at the hopsital with a password to verify identify.
http://clinfowiki.org/wiki/index.php/E-prescribing#History
Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) allows physicians to enter orders into a computer rather than in handwritting. The CPOE can help reduce factors that may lead to errors in an order.
CPOE is an improvement over paper based ordering and helps to reduce medication errors.
CPOE works by:
1. making sure order is legible and complete
2. checking for problems
3. provide dosage adjustment calculations
4. check for approprate baseline laboratory
results
5. computing drug-laboratory interactions
6. update prescriber with lastest drug
information
In the 2014 Leapfrog Hospital Survey, found that there were wisespread safety gaps in CPOE. Other problems that were found in the CPOE system were inconsistant medication naming, poor medication search, wrong patient orders when multiple orders were open, and a lack of standards alerts.
Cost
EHR and CPOE are responsible for clear and legible patient records and prescriptions, which results in less error.
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