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Digitalization of the Finnish construction market

-Case study

Deepti Singh

Ahmed Said

Muhammad Ragab

Meet Panchal

Atul

Digitalization of the Finnish construction market

-Case study

INTRO

Intro

Finnish Construction sector is presently experiencing a period of change that involves significant structural reforms. Digitalisation provides one context for the shifts. It calls to reconsider the current methods and practices to make them more effective and adaptable. ​

Between 2016 and 2022, at least EUR 344 million has been spent or is planned to be invested in the country's various digitalisation projects, out of which a EUR 16 million funding was provided to KIRA-digi which started in 2016. ​

Methodology

This study is based on

literature reviews

comparative methodology.

Design & Engineering

Design

&

Engineering

The transition towards digitalization in the Finnish construction market represents a major paradigm shift that promises to revolutionize the way buildings and infrastructure are conceptualized, designed, and built.

Source: Tuomas Uusheimo, ALA architects

Source: Petri Virtannen, archdaily.com

KIASMA MUSEUM​

  • The project was designed using traditional 2D CAD tools.​

  • Several coordination issues were observed in this project. ​

  • Without the use of BIM, it was difficult to identify and resolve clashes and conflicts between different building systems and components.​

  • Leading to additional costs and delays. ​

OODI Library

Oodi Library

The Oodi Library in Helsinki is an excellent example of how Digitalisation can be used in the design and engineering of a large-scale building project. ​

OODI Library

  • Oodi's distinctive construction presented a significant task to the designers and builders. The project was delivered within stipulated time & budget.​

  • 3D geometrical modelling has been critical to the effective integration of design elements.​

OODI Library

  • Development of a system capable of delivering the architecture:​

  • Better span distribution ​

  • Clearer passage zone​

  • Better structural rigidity distribution​

  • More economical design possibilities​

  • Energy efficiency​

OODI Library

  • Complex Analysis of twin main trusses spanning 109m and cantilevers of span 17m were done to provide column free space.​

  • Tension tie force requirements, deflection pattern, torsional behaviour along with other necessary design checks were performed for various load combinations.​

OODI Library

  • Engineering calculations for steel arch base and Cantilever Truss were done.​

  • Digitalisation made complex analysis faster and more accurate by finite element method.​

OODI Library

  • Two spiral stairs were built with enough stiffness for user comfort while remaining flexible enough not to interact with the primary structural system.​

OODI Library

  • Most of the areas and surfaces in Oodi are curved and non-parallel. The primary facade wall is almost at a 45-degree angle, and all of the pipes behind it are at the same angle within the wall structures.​

  • Without BIM, a hundred of sectional views would have required to define the structure of all disciplines. ​

  • However, modelling enabled the devices to be installed in spaces that were sometimes extremely irregular.​

Construction Phase

Construction Phase

The digitalization of the construction phase in Finland is gaining momentum, with increasing adoption of technologies such as BIM, drones, and virtual and augmented reality.

BIM in Construction

BIM in Construction

BIM Tools in construction industry​

VICO OFFICE​

Bexel Manager​

Trimple Connect​

Plannerly​

Dalux​

Challenges of using traditional management methods​

Defining activities and resources assignment depends on BOQ and 2D drawings.​

Creating thousands of activities and relations for the schedule.​

Monitor and control actual progress and resources.​

Personal effort to prepare progress reports and variance analysis​

Identifying risk, risk mitigation, and progress forecasting​

Case Study - Trimble Office

Project: New Trimble offices​

Location: Espoo​

Software used: Vico office​

Developed by: Nordic Construction​

Main contractor: NCC​

Project finish: September 2021​

Planning Sequence :

  • WBS, list of activities and resources existing from the 3D model classification​

  • The WBS has been optimized​

  • The temporary works and site logistics have been added to the schedule​

  • The project team has validated the baseline​

  • Project team identified the potential risk.​

  • What if scenarios had been noted to mitigate the potential risks​

4D -BIM- in the project​

  • Implements advanced scheduling algorithms to create fully automated construction schedules ​

  • Save all created methodologies in the software for automatic schedule creation for similar projects​

  • Actual progress and activity changes can easily monitor, and reports are easily exported​

BIM-5D in the project​

Assign costs for labor, equipment, and material resources tasks.​

Implement multiple cost classification systems for different cost versions.​

Manage, view, and export cost, labor, material, and equipment graphs and reports.​

Track and update schedule progress and analyze planned vs. actual progress.​

BIM in Construction

ERP

& Cloud-based Platforms

ERP & Cloud-based Platforms

ERP in Construction

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems are commonly used in the Finnish construction market to manage various aspects of construction projects, including financial management, project management, procurement, human resources, and equipment management.

They can be customized to fit the company’s operation, scale, and business environment

These systems help to streamline processes, reduce costs, and improve decision-making by providing real-time access to project data.

Ex : ProCountor, ProMark, and Visma.

Cloud- Based Platfroms

These software are mainly focused on project management aspects and

They can an be Used from the preconstruction phase by assisting contractors and sub-contractors with accurate estimates .

Provides project managers with an interactive dashboard that includes all the project data, submittal register, RFI, and cost elements.

Allow for streamlined communication and collaboration, which can increase project efficiency and reduce the risk of errors.

Cloud- Based Management Platfroms

The Kalasatama Hospital construction project in Helsinki is a live example of a construction project in Finland where cloud-based construction management systems were used.

The construction team used a platform called Procore. .

The software was used in Project scheduling, planning, document management, and communications allowing the project team to collaborate more effectively, s. It also helped to streamline project workflows and improve communication, reducing the risk of errors or delays.

Source: City of Heslinki -Health -and-social-services

Drones in Construction

Drones

Drones in Construction

The use of Drones in FInlnad is among the highest in Europe

Drones in Construction

Drones can be used in multiple tasks specifically in infrastructure projects where photos of large areas can be captured

Collected Data can help in excavation planning , resource estimating and making 3D models of the land.

They can gather data from hard-reaching areas and move smoothly around dangerous machinery

Can be used in inspections and in following the progress of the work plan

Drones in Construction

,The data that can be collected in a few minutes by flying drones would take several days in the traditional method

NCC - a renowned construction company - has a central service that trained more than 120 pilots that form a coordinated network to support the ongoing business locations

Drones in Construction

Helsinki Airport Terminal 2 Expansion Project

Consultant: Ramboll Finland Oy

Contractor: YIT Corporation, SRV Group Plc, and Fira Oy.

Budget: €900 million

Area : 103,000 m2

Helsinki Airport Terminal 2 Expansion Project

VR & AR

VR & AR

VR & AR in Construction

The extent in VR technology adaoption in Finnish constrcution market is on rise

VR & AR in Construction

In Virtual reality, the client can have an authentic experience of what their final products feel like, it's far more than digital images but 360 view environment

Application areas :

Client meetings – visualizing the final project

Design process – improving collaboration and decision making

On-Site project coordination and quality assurance

Combined visualization of existing and new in refurbishment projects

Analyzing and simulating excavations and use of large machinery

VR & AR in Construction

Technologies used:

InsiteVR

Dalux TwinBIM

HoloLens

Hägring

IrisVR

Finland Facility Management Market ​

Facility Management

During the period from 2004-2008 the total FM market in Finland was influenced by economic growth and development of knowledge with new providers and services.​

For 2008-2010 the market was influenced by the financial crisis with increased competition and focus on cost reductions.​

In both periods the total FM market was influenced by increased globalization, professionalism and focus on sustainability. ​

Platforms used by FM businesses in Helsinki​

It is developed as an investment of FM organizations to ease the operation and maintenance task of any project.​

The Real Estate Assets Management System Haltia-​ Miragel OY​

Property register​

Leases and Billing register​

Project investment register

Technical property value register​

Space management register ​

PAKKI- FacilityInfo ​

By Buildercom​

It is a Web-based service system for building maintenance​

This application monitors and compiles all the data in relation to building specific maintenance operations​

It can also generate various data such as energy consumption analyses and survey reports​

Project Bank-​

By Buildercom​

Data centre for all project information at one point such as models, drawings and scanned documents​

Once the project is completed, the construction project documented in Buildercom's project bank with the help of stakeholders model.​​

Project data can be automatically linked to the object’s maintenance which greatly facilitates the preparation of the maintenance book​

Projectwise- By Bentley ​

(Project delivery) ​

It leverages the power of your data to deliver IoT ready deliverables and use it for operation and maintenance purpose​

It improve maintenance management and bring real world context to your project by combining real time data in your models​

BIP – Basware Invoice Processing ​

BIPs an automated invoice processing system used by the City of Helsinki that enables paperless invoicing. ​

It receives all invoice data digitally, getting rid themselves of redundant manual work.​

BIP also utilized for E-procurement and catalogue management for all FM related tasks.​

Challenges for utilization of BIM in FM​

  • “In general, all large Finnish construction companies are experienced in using BIM, but smaller companies are only starting to learn BIM technology. As a result, a fair amount of projects do not utilize BIM after the design stage (at the construction site and in the maintenance).”​

Kaisa Library​​

Building and location: Kaisa library building, Helsinki, Finland​

Construction year: 2012​

Architect: Anttinen Oiva Arkkitehdit Oy, design team leader Vesa Oiva​

Producer: Normek Oy​

Developer: Helsinki University​

kaisa library- Case study review​

Key persons involved in the maintenance of Kaisa Library, main library of Helsinki University were interviewed. ​

It seems that the owners and facility managers, however, have not thus far been motivated to implement BIM or invest in the creation of interoperability between design/construction models and maintenance software systems. ​

Ryhti is a product on Grandlund OY which is used for maintenance of the facility along with the other maintenance software which are not utilized or knowledgeable of BIM. ​

However, the HVAC engineer and the BIM expert of the project found many possible uses for model, such as space management and planning and scheduling maintenance tasks. ​

Renovation and Reconstruction​

Renovation & Reconstruction​

Circularity will be a major focus in many European cities in the coming years. Parallel to this, the digital revolution is still reshaping business strategies and infrastructure. ​

Digitalisation increases product visibility, smartness, location, condition and availability. ​

Renovation and Reconstruction​

Merging Circular Economy and Digital Transformation in construction​

International Project focusing on Circular Construction​

Aim : ​

To develop a set of replicable circular economy criteria for public tenders on construction.​

Bridges the gap between theory, practice and policy through ​

demonstrations, ​

case studies, ​

events, etc. ​

Demonstrate how cities can scale and replicate these activities and transition their construction sector to a circular economy. ​

CIRCuIT : Project Details

Project time: 5/2019-11/2023​

Funding: EU Horizon 2020​

Project areas: Helsinki region/ Vantaa, Copenhagen, London and Hamburg​

Project partners in Finland: ​

HSY (Coordinator of the Finnish cluster), ​

City of Vantaa​

Tampere University, ​

Helsinki Metropolitan Area Reuse Centre,​

Ramboll Finland Oy and Umacon Oy​

CIRCuIT’s Seven Focus Areas​

Mapping the Flow​

Urban Mining ​

Extending Life Cycles​

Flexible Constructions ​

Governance & Tools ​

Information Sharing ​

Capacity Building ​

Circular Construction through Digitalisation

Open information platform for disseminating data, lessons learned, best practices and key indicators gathered over the duration of CIRCuIT.​

Digital Prototypes Developed in the Project​

1.Circularity Atlas​

Complete view of the cities​

Highlights the areas that comprise of materials, demolitions, construction waste generated, etc. to procure ​

Less effort and cost ​

2. Circularity Dashboard ​

Maps data about various circularity elements​

Five circularity indicators are presented for implementation in the first version of the Dashboard.​

  • ​Amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW), ​

  • Recycling rate of CDW, ​

  • Refurbishment and transformation relative to new construction, ​

  • Demolition rate and ​

  • Average age of demolished buildings. ​

3. Material Reuse Portal​

18 Different Categories of Materials Listed ​

2587 Reusable Items Listed for Finland​

Helps in: ​

  • Search for materials​

  • Head to the partner​

  • Access information and suppliers​

Benefits:​

  • Better choices for the built environment​

  • Build Better Data​

  • All in One Place ​

4. Citizen Engagement Portal​

HSY Infor centre Vantaa portal provides:​

Digital tours​

Sortti Mini Station in Koivukylä, Vantaa showcasing two aspects of circular construction​

  • How to reuse materials ​
  • How to enable movability of a building.​

Augmented reality Experiences through Apps​

5. Wiki on Circular Economy​

Centralised Platform containing guidance, definitions and examples on implementing circular economy in construction. ​

(HSY) Sortti Mini Station in Koivukylä, Vantaa. ​

The Helsinki Region Environmental Services authority (HSY) Sortti Mini Station in Koivukylä, Vantaa. ​

The info center at the Sortti showcases two aspects of circular construction - how to reuse materials and enable movability of a building.​

Conclusion

The Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industries in Finland has undergone notable transitions in the past decade as result of digitalisation.

-Reduction in the clashes,Cost optimisations, Ease in data accessibility, Project forecast, Better Risk assessments etc are the advantages when digitalization is adopted during complete life cycle of the project.

-Design phase extensively use digital technologies at all levels,but small companies tend to stick to the old technologies due to the initial implementation cost.

-Investment policies for new technology, talent development, and cooperation,that is feasible for companies at all levels should be adopted.

Thank you

References​

https://www.ncc.com/our-offer/customer-values/digital-construction/drones/

https://www.ncc.com/our-offer/customer-values/digital-construction/virtual-reality/

Valdani Vicari and Associates and, Wik Consult, 2019. Monitoring progress in National Initiatives on Digitising Industry, Country Report- Finland, s.l.: europa.eu.​

David Thelen, Renee Zijlstra and, Jan Zandbergen, 2021. World Business Council for Sustainable Development. [Online] ​

Available at: www.wbcsd.org​

Fiederer, L., 2016. archdaily. [Online] ​

Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/784993/ad-classics-kiasma-museum-of-contemporary-art-steven-holl-architects​

Luomala, P., 2019. ]

Reijo, M. (2018). Bridging the life cycle: A case study on facility management infrastructures and uses of BIM. Helsinki: University of Helsinki.

Boateng, E. (2011). The Future of Facility Management in Finland. Finland: Jamk University of Applied sciences.

Zuraihana Ahmad Zawawi, M. K. (2016). Operation and Maintenance in Facility Management practices: a gap analysis in Malaysia. Malaysia: Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, University Teknologi .

Tapio Koivu, T. L. (2003). Options for the Finnish FM/AEC software packages for market entry in the U.S. Espoo: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland.

Antti Tuomela, S. H. (2001). Outlook on Facility Management in Finland-2001. Espoo: Helsinki University of Technology Construction Economics and Management .

Jensen, P. A. (2011). The Market for Facilities Management in the Nirdic Countries. Helsinki: DTU management Engineering.

Yalcinkaya, M. (2018). Understanding the Technical and cognitive chalenges and closting the gaps in Architectural, Engineering and construction- Facility Management standards. Helsinki: Aalto University.

https://www.hsy.fi/en/environmental-information/projektit-ja-hankkeet/circuit-project/ ​

https://www.circuit-project.eu/ ​

https://www.circuit-project.eu/circularity-hub ​

https://www.hsy.fi/en/waste-and-recycling/koivukyla-sortti-mini-station/ ​

https://reflowproject.eu/blog/transitioning-to-circular-cities-with-digital-technologies/ ​

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