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Asal, Shahrazad, Nour, & Farida
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Whats the diference?
A Sonnet is a category of a 14 line poem written in iambic pentameter. The word " Sonnet " actually comes from the Italian origin of " Sonetto " meaning sound. One of the most well-known sonnets are those from Shakespeare, which we will discuss today while comparing it to the Petrarchan sonnet.
This type of sonnet was perfected by the Italian poet Francesco Petrarca (1304-1374).
It divides the 14 lines into 2 sections:
- An eight-line stanza (octave), rhyming ABBAABBA.
- A six-line stanza (sestet), rhyming CDECDE.
The pattern of sounds that repeats at the end of a line or stanza is known as a rhyming scheme.
1. Three stanzas -- two quatrains and a sestet:
- A quatrain is a stanza of four lines
- A sestet is a stanza of six lines.
- Traditionally the first quatrain introduces the subject, the second complicates the subject, and the sestet alters the subject in some way.
2. A rhyme scheme of abbaabba in the quatrains, and cdcecde:
- Traditionally the poet seeks to make the rhymes in the seset as different as possible from the two quatrains.
3. Conceit: an elaborate and surprising comparison between two apparently dissimilar things.
4. Figurative Devices: Metaphor, similies, & personification.
5. Blason:
- Categorizes the physical attributes of a subject, usually a female.
- Example: "I conjure thee by Rosaline's bright eyes,/ By her high forehead and her scarlet lip,/By her fine foot, straight leg, and quivering thigh."
Moving on to Shakespearen sonnets that have the following structure:
Petrarchan sonnets are divided into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines), with a clear volta, or thematic shift, between them.
Shakespearean sonnets consist of three quatrains (four-line sections) followed by a rhymed couplet (two lines). They often present a problem or theme in the quatrains and a resolution or twist in the couplet.
Shakespearean sonnets have a more flexible rhyme scheme (ABAB CDCD EFEF GG), with a greater variety of rhymes that allows for a smoother flow of thought. Shakespearean sonnets may also include a volta, but it's not restricted to any specific location, giving them more flexibility in thematic development.
Structure:
The most apparent difference is the structure. Petrarchan sonnets are divided into an octave and sestet, while Shakespearean sonnets consist of quatrains and a couplet.
Rhyme Scheme:
Petrarchan sonnets have a fixed rhyme scheme in the octave, while Shakespearean sonnets offer more variety and flexibility in rhyme patterns.
Thematic Development:
Petrarchan sonnets often present a problem in the octave and a resolution or counter-argument in the sestet.
Shakespearean sonnets generally introduce a theme or problem in the quatrains and resolve or twist it in the couplet, but the location of the volta is more flexible.