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Our first stop on The Tour of the Civil War is The Battle of Antietam which took place at Antietam Creek, Sharpsburg Maryland.
Our second stop on The Tour of the Civil War is the introduction of The Emancipation Proclomation.
The third stop on The Tour of the Civil War is the Battle of Gettysburg that took place in Gettysburg Philadelphia.
Our fourth and final stop the tour is the Confederacy Surrender's which was signed in Appomattox, Virginia
After a glorious victory of the second Battle of the Bull Run Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s confident troops marched into the Union state of Maryland where after a lucky find of Robert E. Lee’s attack plans, they were met with the troops of George Mcellan. The armies fought alongside the small Antietam creek resulting in what is known as “the bloodiest single day battle” in American history resulting in more than 26,000 combined casualties. The main takeaway from the Battle of Antietam would be the realization the Civil War was not fought civilly and required a large use of gruesome violence resulting in the death of many in order for the war to reach an ending point.
The signing of/introduction of the Emancipation Proclamation was Abraham Lincoln’s proclamation that “All persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free” which essentially is saying that if you are a slave in a Confederate state you are entitled to be freed for good. The proclamation was introduced as a result of the North’s belief that even if they won the war, slavery would still be an issue present in the United States. With the attainment of knowledge regarding the Emancipation Proclamation, one could realize it is an important event in the Civil War due to how it gave the war a large moral justification in the sense that the North could have won the war without enforcing such law. Instead it made the war more than just the North beating the South diverting it towards freeing people who deserve to be freed, which is the reason it is an important stop to the tour of the Civil War.
Beginning on July 3rd a 3 day long battle began in the town of Gettysburg, Philadelphia which has come to be known as the largest turning point in all of the Civil War ultimately leading to the Confederacy's surrender thus ending the war. Confederate soldiers heard word of footwear in the town of Gettysburg so they set off to acquire the footwear however instead they were greeted with the troops of John Buford. Buford ordered his men to take positioning on the hills and ridges surrounding Gettysburg in order to engage Confederate leader A.P Hill’s troops. The confederate troops ended up capturing the town on the first day. By the third day of fighting the casualty numbers were up to 28,000 for the Confederacy and 23,000 for the Union, the Confederacy would never be the same after these brutal attacks which forever impaired the Confederacy's strength. The ultimate lesson learned from the three day long battle in Gettysburg is that the South faced irreparable losses that further weakened the state of the South and slowly led to their demise. It would be important to include in the tour for the reason being that it sets the stage for the south’s surrender and eventually the end of the Civil War.
Towards the end of March in the year 1865, the Confederacy was at its weakest point and that their reign of power was soon to be over. After news that all of their Confederate troops had been surrounded with the Union closing in from all directions, the president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis, abandoned his capital, setting fire to all the buildings in hopes the North would not be able to take it. On April 9th 1865, Confederate General Robert E. Lee agreed to meet with Union General Ulysses S. Grant to discuss the terms of a Confederate surrender in the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia. The terms of surrender were very generous on behalf of President Lincoln’s request including things such as all soldiers were granted to be sent home with their personal belongings, and officers were allowed to keep their pistols. Within the next two months all remaining Confederate forces were gone putting an end to the four year long war. This stop is able to teach the fact that the Confederate were able to peacefully surrender with Lincoln’s terms which proved that the tactic of eliminating the will to fight that Ulysses S. Grant imposed was successful. Therefore the importance of this stop is colossal, for the main reason that it put an end to the violent, long, and grisly war between the North and the South.
The story of the Civil War my tour seeks to tell touches upon events that made the most impact on how the war would result both supporting and opposing either side. Throughout the war the people involved have been relatively similar from each event, starting out with the Confederate General Robert E. Lee and Union General Ulysses S. Grant being involved in all events, to Abe Lincoln instituting the Emancipation Proclamation. For my first choice, the Battle of Gettysburg, I chose it for the reason that it is seen as the turning point of the Civil War as a result of the South being impaired so badly, it was never able to successfully attack the North again for the rest of the war. Secondly, I chose other events such as the Battle of Antietam due to it being known as the single bloodiest day in the United States. The significance is found in the sense it was necessary in order for the war to advance while also putting a kickstart on the war. The introduction of the Emancipation Proclamation was a major event in the war due to the large number of slaves that were able to be freed which certainly changed the tides of war and created pros and cons for both the Confederacy and the Union. Finally the last stop in my tour and arguably the most important, the surrendering of the Confederacy to end the Civil War between the North and the South, I chose this stop due to it being the final event in the war and ultimately ending the war with the Confederacy surrendering to the Union. In essence the Civil War can be interpreted in many different ways, the way I chose was to see for what it is, stating facts while not ignoring the more disturbing events of the war, which was my process for choosing the four major events I felt most contributed to influence the Civil War.