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Underground Mine Gases

Meena Lahiri

Objectives

  • Understand properties of mine gases
  • Understand how these gases be may hazardous
  • Understand the requirements for gas detectors

Properties

Properties

  • Diffusion
  • Explosive Range
  • Solubility
  • Color/Odor/Taste

Diffusion

Diffusion

  • The spreading of something more widely
  • Pressure
  • Temperature
  • Specific Gravity

Explosvie Range

Explosive Range

  • Any flammable gas can explode under the right conditions
  • There must be enough gas, oxygen, and an ignition source

Solubility

Solubility

  • Ability of a gas to disolve in water
  • Disturbing water can release gases into the air

Color/odor/taste

Color/Odor/Taste

  • Can be used to determine gases
  • Not reliable
  • Many gases are invisible, colorless, and odorless

Gases

  • Normal Air
  • Toxic
  • Asphyxiant

Gases

Normal Air

  • 78% Nitrogen

Normal Air

  • 21% Oxygen
  • 1% Argon, Carbon Monoxide, trace amounts of other gases

Toxic Gases

  • Any gas that can cause damage to living tissue, impair the nervous system, or cause death

Toxic

  • Three factors determine how you are affected
  • How concentrated the gas is
  • How toxic it is
  • How long you were exposed
  • TLV - Threshold Limit Value

Asphyxiant

  • Cause suffocation by displacing the oxygen in the air

Asphyxiant

Mine Rescue Requirements

Gas Detectors

  • Must have 4 detectors appropriate for each type of gas that may be found
  • Must measure:
  • Methane from 1-100% of volume
  • Oxygen from 0 to at least 20% of volume
  • Carbon Monoxide from 0-9,999 PPM
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