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The First Plantations
6
Transcript
The First Plantations
Ireland in the 1500s
What do you know already?
Ireland in the 1500s
- Why were parts of Ireland being run from England?
- What languages did people speak?
- What were the main religions in Ireland?
- What laws were in use?
Learning intentions
- Who ruled Ireland in the 1500s?
- Describe the Pale.
- Explain Surrender and regrant.
Learning intentions
Map of Ireland
Discuss in pairs
Map of Ireland
Irish Society
Society
Divison of land
- Why did Kings let other people run land for them?
- Estimate, do Norman or Irish families hold more land?
- What families ruled Cork?
Notes
- The King of England was also Lord of Ireland
- Anglo-Irish lords ruled nearly half of Ireland.
- They followed English or Common Law.
Succession
- Primogeniture: A ruler's eldest son gets all his lands when the ruler dies. Women only inherit if there are no more men.
- Tanistry: Any man in the family who's father, father's father or father's father's father was a Ruler gets to vote/be chosen for the role of leader. Once the leader is chosen these men elect a Tániste (Deputy).
- Analyse: What are the good points and bad points of each system.
The Pale
- Look at the map, what do you think the Pale is?
- If you were the ruler of England, who would you ask to control it?
The Pale
Dublin
- Dublin was a the biggest town in Ireland in 1500
- 10,000 people lived there.
- What do you know about medievel towns?
Dublin
Notes
- The Pale was the area around Dublin, loyal to the English ruler.
- The Lords of Kildare usually ran the Pale.
Surrender and Regrant
- What do you think this means?
- Examine the image, what do you think is happening?
Surrender and Regrant
Notes
- King Henry VIII took the title King of Ireland.
- Henry wanted to encourage Irish lords to use Common Law.
- Surrender and Regrant: Henry asked Irish lords to surrender their lands to him and he would give them back with an English title.
- Example, the chief of the O'Neill family became Earl of Tyrone.
Rationale for Plantations
- Define Plantation:
- Why would the government in England think Plantation was a good idea?
- Look at the image of a planter town, how might it benefit English rule?
Notes: Goals of Plantation
English settlers would:
- Follow Common Law
- Speak English
- Follow the Religion of the English Ruler
- Protect Dublin
- Provide soldiers to keep peace in Ireland
Fall of the Fitzgeralds
- The Earls of Kildare became very powerful and Henry VIII decided to weaken them using an army.
- The army were expensive and the Fitzgeralds could become powerful again later.
- Herny needed more permanent solutions
First Plantations
Laois-Offaly
- Organised by Queen Mary I
- She wanted to stop the O'Moors and O'Connors stealing cattle from the Pale.
- However, only 80 Planters got land and the O'Moors and O'Connors attacked and took back their lands
Munster
First Plantations
- Organised by Queen Elizabeth I
- The Fitzgeralds of Desmond rebelled against the English crown to maintain their lands and Catholic Religion.
- The English won and took the Fitzgerald lands
- The estates were very large and they were given to English Undertakers
- The estates were too big to maintain
- Few planters came
Undertakers
- Undertakers were settler landlords
- They were called Undertakers because they undertook a promise to the English Crown.
- They promised to:
- Only rent land to English settlers
- Pay rent to the Crown
- Care for their own defense
- Follow and spread the Protestant Religion
- Follow English Common Law
Undertakers
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