Introducing
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Adolescent Career Development
21
Adolescent Career Development
Jennifer Stinson
Veronica Gaytan
Introduction
- Educational commitment to career choices are made
- Vocational identity
- Demographics and research
Intro
Influencing Factors
Factors
- Problem solving and planning
- Piaget's formal thought
- Logical thinking and idealism
- Conflict
- Overtime, more realistic
- Erikson's identity and role confusion
- Question
- Development, exposure, decisions
- "Tracks"
Super's Life Stages & Substages
Super's Career Development Theory Review
Howard & Walsh's Vocational Reasoning
Howard & Walsh's Vocational Reasoning
Focus: Cognitive reasoning abilities
Level 4: Internal Processes and Capabilities
- Accomplishing tasks
- Occupational skills
Level 5: Interaction
- Occupational value
- Individual value
- Prestige
Level 6: Systematic Interaction
- Complex career decsions
- Values are being met
- Knowledge of job market and occupations
- Develop skills
Positive Career Development
- Career development dependent upon upon values
- Intrinsic values vs. extrinsis values
Positive Career Development
Super describes the vocational maturity as having the following 5 major components
Career Maturity
1. Orientation to vocational choice
Which deals with concern about career choice and using occupational information
1. Orientation to vocational choice
2. Information and planning about preferred occupation
The specific information that the individual has about the occupation he or she intends to enter
2. Information and planning about preferred occupation
3. Consistency of vocational preference
Concerned not only with stability of an occupational choice over time but with its consitency within occupational fields and levels
4. Crystalization of traits
Including seven indices of attitudes toward work
4. Crystalization of traits
5. The wisdom of vocational preference
The relationship between choice and abilities, activities and interests.
5. The wisdom of vocational preference
To undesrtand the Super's model, it is helpful to use the structure of Career Developmen t Inventory
Career Planning
Career
Exploration
Decision Making
World-of-Work
Information
Super's Conception of Career Maturity
Career Development Attitudes
Career Development Knowledge and Skills
Knowledge of Preferred Occupational
Group
Career Orientation Total
Career Planning
Measures how much thought individuals have given to a variety of information-seeking activities, and how much they feel they know about various aspects of work.
Career Exploration
Willingness to explore or look for information
Career Exploration
Decision Making
The ability use knowledge and thougth to make career plans.
Decision Making
World-Work Information
Deals with knowledge of important development tasks
Knowledge of job duties in a few selected occupations, as well as job application behaviors
Knowledge of the preferred Ocupational Group
Knowledge of the preferred Ocupational Group
In career Development Inventory, students are asked to choose which of 20 occupational groups they prefer, and they are asked questions about the preferred occupational group.
Realism
It is not assessed in the Career Development inventory. "Mixed affective and cognitive entity best assessed by combining personal, self-report, and objective data as in comparing the aptitudes of the individual with the aptitudes typical of people in the occupation"
Erikson's life stage approach is frequently cited by super as influencial in his own model.
*Adolescent Identity Issues
Vondracek and Colleagues believe that identity development is best understood when studied withing a specificl context
Identity
& Context
Adolescents can be viewed as occupaying one of the four identity statuses at any given time
Diffusion
Moratorium
Foreclosure
Achievement
A
- Diffussion refers to having few clear ideas of what one wants and not being concerned about future.
- Moratorium is a time, often more than several months, in wich one explores options while wanting a direction, but not having one
B
- Foreclosure refers to making a choice, often based on family tradition without exploring other options
- Achievement refers to knowing what one wants and making plans to attain an occupation
C
Single items to identify the vocational identity statuses
- Diffusion: I do not know what I want: what happens, happens
- Moratourium: I do not know what I want, but I want to find out.
- Foreclosure: I know what I want, and I follow established paths.
- Achievement: I know what I want and have made plans already
Identity Achievement versuss Identity Diffusion
We hypothesized a curvilinear trajectory with initial increases
in early adulthood and relative stability thereafter. The
struggle to form a sense of wholeness, to create a bridge
between childhood and anticipated adulthood, and to
experience continuity between one’s self-conception and
the self as perceived by others defines the normative
identity crisis that is generally experienced and addressed
in late adolescence and persists through early adulthood
References
Donald E. Super's Career Development Theory CED 6020. (2014, March 26). Retrieved June 26, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxbqtEeEgA4
Giannantonio, C. M., & Hurley-Hanson, A. (2006). Applying image norms across super's career development stages. The Career Development Quarterly, 54(4), 318-330. Retrieved from https://zeus.tarleton.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.zeus.tarleton.edu:82/docview/219389774?accountid=7078
Sharf, R. S., (2013). Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling. Adolescent Career Development. Canada:Cengage Learning.
Sneed, J. R., Whitbourne, S. K., & Culang, M. E. (2006). Trust, Identity, and Ego Integrity: Modeling Erikson’s Core Stages Over 34 Years. Journal Of Adult Development, 13(3/4), 148-157.