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Conclusion

-Questions and Discussion

How should luxury tourism be treated?

Can it be banned? Should it be regulated?

Bibliography

II. Threats

I. Antarctica: a land of geostrategic and scientific challenges

-Impacts of tourism in Antarctica. (n.d.). [Resource]. Retrieved January 30, 2024, from https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-brief/impacts-tourism-antarctica

-Antarctica tourism—Environmental impacts. (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2024, from https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/science/threats_tourism.php

-Tejedo, P., Benayas, J., Cajiao, D., Leung, Y.-F., De Filippo, D., & Liggett, D. (2022). What are the real environmental impacts of Antarctic tourism? Unveiling their importance through a comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 308, 114634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114634

-L’Antarctique: Entre base scientifique et enjeux géostratégiques. (2023, September 13). geoimage. https://geoimage.cnes.fr/fr/geoimage/lantarctique-entre-base-scientifique-et-enjeux-geostrategiques

-Courrier international. (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2024, from https://hebdo.courrierinternational.com/data/3483/reader/reader.html#!preferred/0/package/3483/pub/4881/page/27

-Regulations and guidelines

  • Natural regulation

  • International regulation

  • Scientific ideas for conserving and protecting Antarctica

-An exceptional legal status: The Antarctic Treaty, 1959

-Protecting the environment and resources:

  • Many resources
  • The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (known as the Madrid Protocol), 1991

Introduction

The threats posed by tourism in Antarctica

I. Antarctica: a land of geostrategic and scientific challenges

II. Threats

Conclusion

II. Treats

-Positive aspects ?

  • Tourists become ambassadors for Antarctica
  • A business for preservation

-Negative aspects

II. The threats

Negative aspects on the animals

Negative aspects on the environment

-Growth of tourism

-What kind of tourism?

-Invasive species

-Impact on breeding birds

-Spreading diseases

-Erosion or disturbance of fragile environments

-Oil spills from ships and boats

-Crash : The Mount Erebus Air Crash 1979

Luxury tourism

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