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World's Oldest Profession
3
World's Oldest Profession
Melanie M. Machado 11-1
Amanda Z. Torres 11-3
April 2nd, 2018
Prof. Natalie Ronda
Escuela San Germán Interamericana
Introduction
Introduction
For the english course, it is a requirement to do an investigation work, we chose the title of prostitution. Because think it is a topic we should all be aware of, because this topic is not only of prostitution but the child prostitution, human trafficking, men who are in the women trafficking deals, child exploitation, rape cases, between others. Prostitution is one of the oldest professions of the world practiced since the birth of the organized society. Prostitution has been qualified as a space where men can buy the sexual abuse of women. Accordingly, prostitution has been defined as “paid rape”. In fact, research in the U.S thinks to have established a positive association between legalized prostitution and elevated rape rates.
Continuation
Continuation
While there is a constant battle whether or not it should be legal. We chose to look into the history of prostitution throughout different countries and different cities, we wanted to see the raw truth and the real statistics of prostitution now days. As stated above, prostitution is a taboo for most people, and somehow we manage to forget it is actually happening now days. We live in an island where prostitution is not a big problem, but come to think of places like China or India where prostitution is a style of living. As hard and as cruel it is to think about it, it has to be done and it has to be said, because this generation is living in the fairy tale side of the story life is creating for us.
Brothels
Brothels
A brothel or bordello is a place where people engage in sexual activity with prostitutes, who are sometimes referred to as sex workers. Technically, any premises where prostitution commonly takes place qualifies as a brothel.
Pictures
Pictures
Prostitution and ethics
Ethics are a set of moral principles meant to govern a person’s or group’s behavior. Ethics are responsible for shaping the decisions people make and what people regard as right or wrong.
Three general ethical approaches:
- The egoistic approach
- The utilitarian approach
- The duty-based or moral-duty approach.
Continuation
Continuation
The approach taken toward the ethical issue will often vary from person to person and will also vary with the situation. (Relativism)
Role of reason and emotion in the ethical perception of prostitution:
- Reasoning or justification for an ethical issue is the main criteria that justifies the morality of it.
- Prostitution is ethical under utilitarian approach and sometimes under egoistic approach.
Benefits both parties:
Seller-->Money Payments/Financial Security
Buyer-->Fulfilling lust/Relieve stress
It may not be ethical under duty-based or moral-duty approach.
United States
United States
Prostitution in the United States started during the revolutionary war, were prostitutes were encouraged to follow the troops and provide the man a moral boost. The women who followed the troops were actually nurses whom some were prostitutes that soldiers used as their personal toy. Historians of that period tended to have difficulty figuring out who was an actual nurse and who was a prostitute and who was a nurse.
Organization
May 7-15 Barcelona
Organizations
- Page Act of 1875 made it illegal to transport women into the nation to become prostitutes
- 1918 the Chamberlain Kahn Act allowed the government to quarantine prostitutes with sexually transmitted diseases
- COYOTE (the first sex worker rights organization) in 1973, argued that state control of women’s sexual behavior was something the young feminist movement should fight, and many feminists agreed, their slogan after all was: "Call off your tired ethics", promoted the belief that prostitution is a respectable job.
Continuation
Pre- Industrial Times
- In pre-industrial times sex work was one of the few ways a woman could make a good living for herself, and it is estimated that in the nineteenth century about 5.5% of the female population of the United States were employed. In the city of New Orleans had a brilliant idea, it consisted of making some sort of a “district” for the prostitutes because in the United States the prostitution was seen as a public order crime meaning it is a crime that disrupts the community. This district ended up housing over 15,000 prostitutes. These area was known as Storyville and basically aimed to make a community of prostitutes to take them out of the city.
CHARTS
PICTURES
"White Slavery"
Technology
But after a lull of almost two decades, the internet, who was making advertising and client screening cheap and easy, had enabled more sex workers than ever to work independently, out of sight of the police; the street segment of the market is now smaller than it’s ever been. At the same time, the internet has allowed sex workers to speak for themselves via blogging and social media, thus dispelling myths and allowing many more people to learn the truth of their lives.
Mexico
Central America
- During the authoritarian regime of Porfirio Díaz in the late 19th century, regulations in the forms of monthly quotas, medical examinations, and photographic documentation were imposed upon prostitutes.
- According to a 1908 study, economic concerns were the main reason for turning to the sex trade in Porfirian Mexico, at which time 15 to 30 percent of Mexico City's young female population was employed in the sex trade.
Tenancingo, Mexico, widely considered the sex trafficking capital of the world, is the single largest source of sex slaves sent to the US, according to the US State Department. Before they are trafficked to the US, women and girls as young as 14 are routinely kidnapped from villages surrounding Tenancingo by men who trick, threaten, and even seduce them into working for the illicit sex trade.
Additonal Information
Pictures
A former prostitute wears a piñata as a hat during Christmas celebrations at Casa Xochiquetzal, a shelter for sex workers, in Mexico City
Pictures
- Sex workers in Mexico
South America
Brazil
South America
- Since the nineteenth century, the country has sustained an ambiguous approach: the 1830 Penal Code did not criminalize prostitution, although it did permit a reduced penalty in rape cases against sex workers.
- It’s not legal to run a brothel or to hire prostitutes (sex workers) in any other way. However, this legislation somehow tends to be contradictory as a significant percentage of the prostitutes aren’t in a position to operate in a self-governing manner. Additionally, as much as the houses may be illegal, in Brazil the theme danced is completely different as sexual exploitation and corruption is at its peak
The demand for prostitutes sexual services in Brazil is and has been there for centuries; not only are the unique services required among women but also of the male gender and even transgenders at that. Back in the 1970s and early 1980s, prostitutes in Brazil, led by Gabriela Leite who was a famous ex-prostitute and president of the National Gathering of Prostitutes, and did form political movements.
Continuation
Spain
Europe
The history of Spanish prostitution from the beginning of the Restoration in 1874 to the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939 intersects with a network of processes, including industrialization, urbanization, and political radicalization. It is also a history of gender and a history of class and, therefore, is subject to the same patterns of silencing and amnesia that are common in such histories.
Additional Information
Right now, prostitution is not illegal, in Spanish they use the concept “alegal” which means: “out of law”. It means that is not regulated by laws but is not forbidden either. Unfortunately for the prostitutes, the fact that they don’t have a law forbidding their activity doesn’t mean they can work freely. An estimated 300,000 prostitutes are working in Spain everywhere from clubs in town centres to industrial estates, to lonely country roads to roadside bars, the last often recognisable by gigantic neon signs of champagne bottles or shapely females, flashing away in the darkness.
Additional Information
Pictures
Pictures
Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. An oil painting depicting five prostitutes from a brothel in Barcelona. (1907)
Pictures
Pictures
The identification of trafficked women who are forced into the prostitution
India
Asia
Causes:
- That women will commonly enter into prostitution because they are poor and have nothing else to sell.
- These women have a desire to feel wanted to be accepted
- A woman involved in prostitution usually have a dysfunctional family situation, a lack of education.
- Many prostitutes started out as devadasis.These are girls whose families are married to a Hindu temple god. They were forced to entertain the wealthy class, eventually, these acts turned into prostitution.
Pictures
Pictures
More pictures
More Pictures
China
China
-Having gained power in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party shut down the brothels and declared the oldest human trade eradicated but in the underground, it continued.
- In general, Chinese are quite ignorant about the dangers of AIDS. Prostitutes in China regularly have sex with men without using condoms. Fifty percent of Chinese think that AIDS is transmitted by kissing.
-China's sex industry is characterised by institutionalised corruption. Sex workers are exploited not only by triads who control them, but also by corrupt police and government officials who make their lives even tougher.
PICTURES
Statistics
Statistics
South Korea
South Korea
- Before the modernization of Korea, there were no brothels, but a caste of the women for the elite landholding classes performed sexual labor.
Under the Kingdom of Silla (57 BC AD) women had many rights. They were vital members of the workforce and sometimes held positions of power, as rulers and heads of families. Overtime this changed, by the Choson Dynasty (1392 AD 1897 AD) Confucianism had taken over. Confucianism focused on women being chaste and submissive.
- Prostitution and the sex trade flourish in South Korea just under the country’s shiny surface. Despite its illegality, prostitution and the sex trade is so huge that the government once admitted it accounts for as much as 4% of South Korea’s annual gross domestic product.
- A survey by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, 43% of people living in South Korea did not know prostitution is illegal in South Korea.
- Estimate of 350,000 to 1 million women and girls are in sex- trafficking.
1980’s: development of adult entertainment industry:
- Traditional Red Light Districts.
- More creative and diverse forms of sex- trafficking.
- 60’s and 70’s: prostitution encouraged to boost economy.
Important Facts
Pictures
Face painted South Korean prostitutes, they were demonstrating against the closing of their businesses.
Africa
Egypt
Africa
- Prostitutes in Ancient Egypt were respected and even considered sacred as the first institutions where prostitution flourished were the temples of the Gods.
- Summer marriages
Wealthy men from the Gulf states often holiday in Egypt in the summer months. Whilst there they may take a young, temporary bride (often under-age) in a so-called summer marriage. The marriages are arranged through a marriage broker and the girl's parents receive gifts and money as a 'dowry'. The marriage ends when the men return to their own country.
Australia
Oceania
The supply of prostitutes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries came principally from the working class. Despite the rhetoric of the working man's paradise, wages and conditions for Australian women were far from heavenly. While the growth of manufacturing in the major urban centres in the late nineteenth century did open up new opportunities for women as paid workers, the options were still very limited and none of them very alluring.
Continuation
Women in Australia
Women who preferred the freedom of the factory had a narrow range of female jobs open to them, all of which paid around half the male rate for similar occupations. For young women living at home, this was just enough to make the effort worthwhile. For older women, or those without family or friends to supplement their wages, life was difficult to say the least. Women with dependents found it almost impossible to subsist and support their children or other relatives on factory wages, while the logistics of balancing childcare and paid work outside the home were daunting.
CD
A CD (Contagious Diseases) Act is wanted in Western Australia for several reasons. It is wanted in the interests of morality and public decency; it is wanted for the protection of the prostitutes themselves; it is wanted because syphilis is becoming dangerously prevalent and because the only effective means of checking it is to put the women of the town under some restraint.
Prostitution
Continuation
Because of its illegal, clandestine nature, prostitution presents particular challenges and opportunities to the historian. The frequent contacts between some classes of prostitutes and officialdom mean that historians often have more knowledge about the lives of prostitutes in the past than about their more 'respectable' sisters, about whom few written records survive
Conclusion
Starting this project we didn't realize the impact that this topic have had in different places around the world. Based on the statistics, graphs, photos and of course, information we gathered a solid evidence of how prostitution is in different countries. Prostitution is always going to be a pressing issue, and politicians will always have different opinions about it. Politicians are the ones who decide how their country stands in different questions, and that might cause misunderstandings. The laws and official opinions of a country do not always agree with the population’s point of view. We believe in change. We believe in mercy. We believe in human rights. We believe in humankind. We believe in evolution. We believe in solutions. We believe in what’s right. We believe in freedom. We believe in justice. We believe in love. We believe in equality. We believe in you. We believe in us. We firmly believe that it should be illegal.
Statistics
Bibliography
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