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Middle Nursing Theory
4
Role Theory
By Blaire Lyon Bisgard
February 2019
Origin of Theory
biographical information and influences
Biographical Information
George Herbert Mead
- Philosopher
- Sociologist
- Psychologist,
- Primarily affiliated with the University of Chicago
(February 27, 1863 – April 26, 1931)
(Fader, 2018)
Influences
Jacob L. Moreno
Ralph Linton.
Talcott Parsons
Assumptions & Concepts
The core of the theory explaining its purpose and meaning in a synthesized manner
Assumptions and relationships including concepts and Types
Assumptions
- The division of labor in society takes the form of specialized positions that we call roles
- Social roles include"appropriate" and "permitted" forms of behavior, guided by social norms
- Roles are occupied by individuals, who are called "actors"
- When individuals approve of a social role they consider the role "legitimate" and "constructive"
- Changed conditions can render a social role outdated or illegitimate- social pressures lead to role change
- The anticipation of rewards and punishments, is why agents conform to role requirements.
(Fader, 2018)
Concepts
Concepts
Categories of Social Roles
- Cultural Roles
- Social Differentiation
- Situation-Specific Roles
- Bio-Sociological Roles
- Gender Roles
Consequences
- Role Conflict
- Role Strain
*Role-Making
Set of rights, duties, expectations, norms and behaviors that a person has to face and fulfill.
(Fader, 2018)
Types of Role Theory
Types
Symbolic Interactionist
Structural Role Theory
Process Role Theory
(McEwen & Wills, 2019)
Evaluation
The most piece of this presentation of how shared theories can be applicable to nursing with regards to practice, education and research
Evaluation of Role Theory
Deviations
Applicable
(Biddle, 1986)
Application
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The most piece of this presentation of how shared theories can be applicable to nursing with regards to practice, education and research
Application in Nursing
- Defines What We Do and Who We Are
- Acceptable vs Not Acceptable
- Role Strain and Empathy
- Role Conflict Causing Burn-Out
(Fader, 2018)
In Education
Education
Research
Research
Professional Accountability- Brown and Oyetunde (2012)
Psychiatric Nurse Practice Roles- Machin and Stevenson (2011)
Caregiver Roles- Wang, Shu, cCen & Yang (2011)
(McEwen & Wills, 2019)
References
Biddle, B. (1986). Recent Developments in Role
Theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 12(1), 67-92. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.12.1.67
Fader, S. (2018). Who Developed
Role Theory As A Way To Examine Social Interaction? Retrieved from
https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/behavior/who-developed-role-theory-as-a-way-to-examine-social-interaction/
McEwen, M., & Wills, E.M. (2019). Theoretical
Basis for Nursing (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott WIlliams & WIlkins