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31
Transcript
E
Development
R
Theorist
T
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Tennazha Bradley - Sasha Coleman
Albert Ellis
- Born in Pittsburg 1913, moved to NYC at young age.
- Independent mother, father often absent, two younger siblings (brother & sister)
- Agreed upon as family favorite, got along with everyone.
- Often sickly as a child due to nephritis
- Clinical psychologist who practiced as a marriage, family, and sex therapist
- Dissatisfaction lead him to reading Greek and Asian philosophy and thus REBT was born
- Died in 2007 at age 93
Discovery
Albert Ellis perceived his family as 'pretty crazy' at a young age. Being sickly he noticed that he frequently worked his self into a miserable state. Ellis decided not to be miserable about his circumstances and maintained strong positive thoughts about his competence and worth.
This allowed Ellis to gain insight on:
' the way people think can enable them to overcome adversity'.
Theorectical Concepts:
- Human Development and Emotional Health
- Self-Acceptance
- Origins of Emotional Disturbance
- Secular Humanism
- Thoughts as the Route to Change
- Focus on Present Thoughts
REBT's view of - Insight
Helping people gain insight into the origin of insight is NOT important or essential. It is potientially harmful leading to self blame and immobilization.
Gaining insight for the purpose of REBT principals:
1. The insight to see that we choose to upset ourselves.
2. The insight to see that we acquired our irrational beliefs and to see how we continue to maintain them.
3. The insight to see that we need to work hard to change.
Treatment Interventions and Goals:
B
- De-emphasizes processes like exploration of early development and insight into impact of the past on the present
- Helps people to become more aware of their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
- Primarily concerned with helping people learn cognitive skills that promote rational thinking and lead to greater happiness and self-acceptance
- Identifying, Assessing, Disputing, and Modifying Irrational Beliefs
Goals
- Changes in beliefs.
- Reductions in symptoms.
Goals:
How to Promte Change
as a therapist?
- Collaborative relationship with client
- Teach clients about rational and irrational thinking
- Help people identify, dispute, and modify irrational beliefs
- Facilitate their efforts to develop a more rational philosophy of life
- Go beyond problem-solving and help people to establish more balanced, logical, and rewarding lives
- Highly involved in treatment process; often using their influence on clients to effect change
- Genuine
- Authentic
- Recognize that flexibility is important
- Do not hesitate to use persuasion, praise, exaggeration, instruction, humorous songs, and anecdotes from their own lives to help people think more rationally and make positive changes
“Clinicians should not be blank screens; they should be highly active, genuine, and directive, revealing their own thoughts and experiences, but always maintaining a professional relationship with clients”
How to be
Successful!
characteristics should include:
- Structural but flexible
- Intellectually, cognitively, and philosophically inclined
- Active and directive in their style
- Comfortable using behavioral instruction and teaching
- Untroubled by fear of failure and willing to take thoughtful risks
- Emotionally healthy, accepting of themselves and others as fallible
- Practical and scientific rather than mystical and magical
- Comfortable with a variety of interventions
Strengths
- Efficient and positive approach
- Can lead to rapid reduction in symptoms as well as philosophical change
- Teaches and empowers people to help themselves after treatment has ended
- Theory is straightforward and clear
- Can be adapted to a wide variety of people and problems and used for prevention and psychoeducation as well as treatment
- Compatible with and can be integrated into many other treatment approaches
- Empirically supported
- Raising awareness of the importance of thinking in people’s lives and the need to attend to and change cognitions in treatment
Limitations
- More empirical research is still needed on the use of REBT with specific diagnostic groups and with people from diverse cultural, religious, and ethnic backgrounds
- More comprehensive and detailed theory of personality at its base
- Pays too little attention to clients’ histories and moves too rapidly toward promoting change
- Clinicians should be sure to allow adequate time to assess and understand people before moving forward
- Humor must be used judiciously by the therapist
- Irrational beliefs cannot simply be recognized or expressed
- Insight is not enough
- Client must do the work necessary to change the irrational beliefs
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