History: Chapter 3: Early Contacts with Neighboring Countries (900-1400 A.D.)

- The Philippines had already trade and cultural exchanges with its Southeast Asian neighbors.

- The seemingly scattered island groups of people actively engaged in trade and in commerce with their neighbors.

- The Philippines had already trade and cultural exchanges with i...

EARLY TRADE ROUTES

AND CONTACTS

- Ancient Filipinos were expert seafarers and boat builders. Those were used to travel far and wide to trade with nearby Southeast and East Asian neighbors.

- The Philippines had outside trade contacts, and along these, varied cultural exchanges took place.

- Filipino historians and archeologists believe the Filipino-Chinese trade contacts began around the 9th century during the Tang Dynasty (618-906 A.D.)

- They site as evidence the Tang stonewares that were found in the Babuyan Islands, along the coasts of Ilocos, Pangasinan, Mindoro, Batangas, Manila, Bohol, Cebu, Jolo, Cagayan de Oro.

- Filipino historians and archeologists believe t...

Arab Trade Routes in Southeast Asia

- Between 900 and 1200 A.D., a group of people called Orang Dampuan from Southern Annam (Vietnam), established trading posts in Sulu.

- A flourishing trade developed between Champa (Annamese Kngdom) and the people of Sulu who were called Buranun. This trade proved favorable to the Orang Dampuans.

- In a fit of jealousy, the Buranuns massacred some Orang Dampuans causing the others to fell and return to Champa. It was not until te 13th century that they would return to Sulu to trade peacefully once more.

The famous pearl trade of Sulu also attracted another group of people known as the Banjar of nearby Borneo. Regular trade relations ensued between Sulu and Banjarmassin. The Buranuns, who had not yet forgotten their tragic experience with the Orang Dampuans, were also suspicious of the Banjars. But the traders of Banjarmassin, aware of the fate of the Orang Dampuans, were more diplomatic. Instead of antagonizing the Buranuns, they brought their beautiful princess to Sulu and offered her as a bride to the Buranun prince, who eventually married here.

The famous pearl trade of Sulu also attracted another group of peop...

Arab Traders

• Arab traders relocated to the Malay Peninsula where they sought an alternative route starting from Malacca and passing through Borneo and the Philippines to reach Taiwan
• They continued to carry Southeast Asian goods to the Western world using this southern route. They also carried Philippines goods on board Arab ships to the Chinese mainland through Canton
• So keen was the competition that the Arab ships carried non- Chinese goods amounting to 20-40% of the total cargo. This lasted up to the Javanese or Madjapahit period (1337-1478)

Arab Traders

• The Chinese trade in the Philippines great...

• The Chinese trade in the Philippines greatly improved during the Ming dynasty (1368-1650)
• During this time Emperor Yung-lo sent a fleet of vessels to the Philippines, under the command of Admiral Cheng Ho, to visit Lingayen, Manila Bay, Mindoro, and Sulu in 1405-1406, 1408-1410, and 1417. - The Chinese Emperor even tried to impose its suzerainty over Luzon by sending Ko Ch'a-lao as governor. Emperor Yung-lo's death, however, out an send to this ambitions plan.

Economic and Cultural Exchanges

• Chinese traders completed with the Arabs
• Sung porcelain
• Chao Jukua's Chu fan-chi (1225)
• 8th century : type of currency in the form of barter rings
• 12th century : gold coins (piloncitos)

Cultural

Exchanges

• Influenced indigenous lifestyle, customs and religious beliefs

• Language, system of writing

Indians of India

• Malays
• Hindu
• Sanskrit

( Sanskrit variations in Visayan and Maguindanaoan language )

Agama- religion

Baginda- emperor

Sutra- silk

The Coming of Islam

Islam spread outside of Arabia in two stages:

• Islam was brought to the rest of the Middle East, North Africa, Spain, & Central Asia
• Mulsim missionaries travelled to India, China & Southeast Asia

Islam was introduced by Tuan Masha'ika.

Teachings Of Islam

• Koran (Qur'an) - The holy book of the Muslims. It is written in Arabic.

- is considered the word of the Supreme Creator, Allah.

The Sultanate

Unlike the barangays of the non-Muslim ancient Filipinos which smaller in size and very much decentralized, the Sultanate governed a much larger territory through centralized network of officials with the Sultan at the top.

Prepared by:

Sarmen, Dannymay M.

Rojas, Carmina G.

Prepared by: