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Language Barriers in Health Care

Arielle, Madison, Julie, Rachel, Alaina & Kaitlyn

Introduction

  • Language Barriers in Canada's health care system are preventing immigrants from accessing health care and are increasing health disparities.
  • Nurses need to rely on adequate resources available to provide optimal care.

Language Barriers

Language Barriers

  • Communication is vital for optimal health care
  • The interaction between health care personnel and patients becomes difficult when a common language is not shared.
  • Language Barriers can lead to increased length of stay, adverse outcomes and non-compliance to treatments
  • Political Action is needed to improve health outcomes and decrease cost of care.

Raynor, E. (2015). Factors affecting care in non-english speaking patients families. Clinical Pediatrics, 55(2), 145-149. doi: 10.1177/0009922815586052.

Statistics

  • In 2011, Canada had a foreign-born population 1 of about 6,775,800 people. They represented 20.6% of the total population

Statistics

  • Canada is linguistically diverse. More than 200 languages were reported as citizen's primary language in the 2011 Census.
  • In 2011, approximately 20% of the Canadi...
  • In 2011, approximately 20% of the Canadian population was comprised of legal immigrants
  • Of this 20%, 14.2% report speaking a language other than French or English as their primary language at home

Kalich, A., Heinemann, L., & Ghahari, S. (2016). A scoping review of immigrant experience of health care access barriers in canada. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 18(3), 697-709. doi:10.1007/s10903-015-0237-6

Statistics Canada (2017). Linguistic Characteristics of Canadians. Government of Canada

Stakeholders

"A person with interest or concern in something."

WHO DOES A LANGUAGE BARRIER EFFECT?

Stakeholders

- The patient and their family

- The nurse and other members of the health care team

-The hospital administration

What is currently happening?

What is currently happening?

Currently in Windsor:

Windsor Regional Hospital offers a translator service called “Language Line” to aid with communication between healthcare personnel and patients. “Language Line” is able to translate over 200 languages. There are also staff members at WRH who are able to speak multiple languages and are available to help when needed.

Windsor Regional Hospital. Language services. Retrieved from https://www.wrh.on.ca/Site_Published/wrh_internet/Richtext.aspx?LeftNav.QueryId.Categories=&Body.QueryId.Id=59666

Language Identification Tools

A Language Identification Tool has been implemented throughout hospital's emergency departments to quickly identify what language a person is speaking. The tool is a sheet of paper, along with a statement under each flag that said ‘I speak…’ and then the name of the language that is spoken in the country that corresponds to the flag.

  • The use of this tool can identify the language barrier, then determine what other intrepreting resources will be necessary.
  • This tool has been proven to improve patient outcomes in the hospital, and decrease the cost in healthcare.

Davies, C., & Milligan, F. (2013). Development of a language identification tool. Nursing Standard, 27(35), 35-39. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2013.05.27.35.35.e7229

What Can be Done?

  • Display material and information in a variety of languages
  • Provide Visual Cues, Appropriate Body Language and Picture Cues
  • Make use of a translator (Family member, Language Line, Health Care team member with the ability to speak a second language)
  • Create common translation cues on each nursing floor to understand the basics of "pain", "washroom", "nutrition" and "medication" with patients who speak a different language.

Kennedy, B. (2016). How to overcome the language barrier. Chemist & Druggist, 285(6976), 20-22. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.uwindsor.ca/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=117313634&site=ehost-live

Patient Story

Maria's Story

LINK: https://youtu.be/V8_zdmt0lw8

Patient Story

Note: Alaina interviewed her Nonna to gain her opinion and experience on Language Barriers in Canada

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