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historical analysis
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HISTORICAL
ANALYSIS
A study of history, methodology and Discipline of history
*Raymund Uy
*Edgardo Japzon
*Angelo Carcellar
*Shamphine Uy
What is Culture?
What is Culture?
Methodology and Discipline
In Defining the History of Culture
Methodology and Discipline
Cultural Heritage
- The term "cultural heritage" typically conjures up the idea of a single society and the communication between its members. But cultural boundaries are not necessarily well-defined. Artist, writers, scientist, craftsmen and musicians learn from each other, even if they belong to different cultures.
Picasso's Art
Influence
Cultural narrative
Cultural Narrative
- Is the kind of story a people, an nation, an ethnic or minority group within that nation, a band of pilgrims tell about their past, present and future.
Cultural Studies
- Is an academic discipline popular among a diverse group of scholars. It combines political economy, geography, sociology, social theory, literary theory, film/video studies, cultural anthropology, philosophy and art history/criticism to study cultural phenomena in various societies.
Cultural studies
Political Economy
Political Economy
- Is an Interdisciplinary branch of the social sciences that focuses on the interrelationships among individuals, governments, and public policy.
- This discipline seek to understand how history, culture, and customs impact an economic system.
Geography
Geography
- The study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries.
-This discipline seeks an understanding of Earth and its human and natural complexities, not merely where objects are, but also how they have changed and come to be.
Sociology
Sociology
- Is the study of society, patterns of social relationships, social interaction and culture of everyday life.
- Sociology helps us to better understand society, ourselves and other peoples, cultures and environment on why people think the way they think and why they do what they do.
Cultural Anthropology
Cultural Anthropology
-Is the Scientific study of humans and their cultural, social, biological and environmental aspects of life in the past and the present.
-Cultural anthropologists specialize in the study of culture and people's beliefs, practices, and their cognitive and social organization of human group.
HISTORY
- Is the study of the past, specifically, the people, societies, events and problems of the past and our attempts to understand them. It is a pursuit common to all human societies.
History
World's largest archives
Ad Flip
Adflip is an archive of more than 6,000 print advertisements published from 1940 to the present.
ADFLIP
40's
The 1940s got swallowed up in World War II. Many baseball players and other celebrities went to war, and much of American culture was focused around it.
Much of popular culture was entrenched in anti-German and anti-Japanese sentiment. This is to expected when you are fighting a war against someone. Still, the ’40s brought us Jeep, the Slinky, Velcro, Tupperware AND Frisbee. And all of the Beatles were born in the ’40s.
It is almost impossible to explain how much of an impact the war had on all aspects of life. You were not allowed to simply waltz into a store and buy as much sugar, butter or meat as you like. You also couldn’t fill up your gas tank whenever you wanted.
Many items we take for granted today were rationed, meaning you could only buy the amount the government allowed. In some cases, rationing was the only way to ensure that all citizens get access to things needed for survival.
Hemlines were made differently to save material. Sports balls were made of inferior rubber. Rubber soles were a luxury.
But after the war, everyone’s spirits focused once again on extravagance and pop culture. Movies were pumped out, fashion changed drastically and sports got all of their athletes back.
Post WWII, cars started becoming very big and luxurious. When you look at them you can tell that late ’40s cars were the baby stages of the awesome ’50s cars we love so much.
Brief History of 40's
50's
The 1950s: The decade of the baby boomer
The post-war baby boom was just the beginning. Unfortunately, paranoia about Communism made a lot of good people act bad. Racism was rampant in many parts of the country, but especially in the south.
Although baseball and Jackie Robinson started the integration process in 1947, it really became an integrated sport in the 1950s. Willie Mays and Hank Aaron were two African American baseball players that, at times, completely owned the sport.
If you’re name had two M’s in it you were a guaranteed star. Mickey Mantle, Marilyn Monroe and Mickey Mouse all were some of the most famous stars of them all.
Movies were still popular, but television was starting to take a chunk out of the film industry’s revenue. Every night families huddled around the TV to watch their favorite shows, which was usually a western like Gunsmoke or anything featuring Lucille Ball.
Music in the early 1950s was much like the 1940s: crooners everywhere. And that’s not a bad thing, but apparently the kids thought it was. By the mid-1950s Elvis Presley’s new style, a sound that upset a LOT of parents, caught on like wildfire.
1950's Pop Culture
60's
The 1960s were one of the most creative periods in modern man’s history. Whether it was due to experimentation with drugs or anger over the Vietnam War, the 1960s were an overwhelming decade.
The Assassinations of JFK and MLK shocked the US. The Beatles came across the pond and changed music forever.
Pop Culture
Although there were several tragic setbacks, civil rights made an amazing amount of progress, eventually culminating in the passage of the Civil Rights Act in 1964, which made it illegal to discriminate based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Sex, love and rock & roll was a way of life. It was a way to cope with the frustration the public was feeling over politics and the U.S. government.
Protesters were everywhere — it was certainly a time of great social unrest. But through it all, some of the best art ever created by man was created in the 1960s and we wouldn’t trade it for the world. Or world peace
60's life
70's
In the 1970s, social progressive values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and political and economic liberty of women, continued to grow.
70's
The hippie culture, which started in the latter half of the 1960s, waned by the early 1970s and faded towards the middle part of the decade, which involved opposition to the Vietnam War, opposition to nuclear weapons, the advocacy of world peace, and hostility to the authority of government and big business.
The environmentalist movement began to increase dramatically in this period.
Pop Culture
80's
The 1980s were both awesome and horrible at the same time. If you lived through them.
Everything was neon and ugly. Color combinations were the worst. Fashion was weird, music was over-digitized and commercialism consumed everyone.
Brief history
90's
The 1990s were a really intense decade. First we start off with a war that was about as one sided as they get — the first Iraq War (AKA Desert Storm).
Then we get the birth of “grunge” as Seattle takes over the way everyone dresses and listens to music.
Gangsta rap also had a huge impact on the way people dressed, talked and acted.
Brief history
2000's
2000s Pop Culture
ADVERTISING AGE MAGAZINE
Ad AGE
AD AGE COMES OF AGE: A TIMELINE OF CLASSIC COVERS
1930
Jan. 11, 1930
Advertising Age prints its first issue early in the Great Depression. The mission of the "National Newspaper of Advertising" is to "present the news of advertising, a business of widespread interests and ramifications, involving expenditures of $2 billion a year." Our first cover features a woman, with a story on a federal expert advising food advertisers to "get a housewife's view."
Jan. 4, 1943
Ad Age's contribution to the war effort is a V for victory symbol flanking both corners of our logo. The bulletin in the top corner also hints at the coming collapse of the 15% commission that was to come, with a story in which Foote, Cone & Belding founder Fairfax Cone denounces reports that client American Tobacco is paying below the going rate.
1943
Oct. 15, 1945
A printer's strike paralyzes Chicago—but not Ad Age. Unable to print the Oct. 8 paper, Ad Age instead hand-types an eight-page "pony issue," the smallest in our history. The following week, Oct. 15, we get back up on the horse with a 32-page issue, also typed and replicated by "photo-lithography."
1945
Jan. 4, 1954
The ad times are clearly changing. The industry gears up for the advent of color television. And those warnings that cigarettes may cause cancer? They might just be true, which could wreak havoc on one of advertising's mainstay categories. Even then, Ad Age was highlighting important people who make news. One pick is Henry Ford II, who spent an astounding $2 million on advertising. Readers get a lot for the 15-cent cover price.
1954
Nov. 28, 1965
Ad Age produces its first issue with color—at least 16 pages of 109 of it. Our story says "A tinted tide of revenue is rising, and it may become a flood."
1965
Dec. 11, 1972
Color also seeps into the Ad Age logo and, by 1972, we adopt the signature blue that remains our hallmark through today's relaunch. This issue also marks the (first) death of Life magazine.
1972
1980
Jan. 16, 1984
It seems Apple is going to introduce a computer called a Macintosh with some futuristic ad called "1984," according to our cover story. Little did we know it would become one of the most famous commercials of all time.
1985
Jan. 31, 1985
Can't get enough Ad Age? We publish twice a week in 1985, on Monday and Thursday. This issue talks about the addition of new features to Thursday, with its scripted logo, which began life nine months earlier. Ad Age Thursday is later retired, though the date of its folding appears to be lost in our archives.
April 22
April 22, 1985
Coca-Cola introduces New Coke, perhaps the biggest marketing whoops of all time. Our cover story is one of the first to break the news. Just three months later, we report that Coke is retrenching and introducing Coke Classic. Coke Classic'scan design is accomplished in just 48 hours.
1986
April 28, 1986
The combination of Doyle Dane Bernbach, Needham Harper & Steers and Batten Barton Durstine & Osborn into Omnicom reshapes the ad agency world forever, in what beces known as "The Big Bang." Ad Age had the story first, but in those analog days the story could not publish until Monday. Word leaked that we had the story, forcing the agencies involved to hold a press conference over the weekend confirming it.
1987
Aug. 8, 1987
Ad Age documents a terrible tragedy—the death of five prominent ad executives in a river rafting trip on the Chilko River in British Columbia, Canada, including then-Procter & Gamble VP of Advertising Robert Goldstein. Columnist Jim Brady's dispatch is titledSp "A Long Way Away to Die."
1990
Feb. 19, 1990
The Berlin Wall falls and once again Jim Brady is on the spot, giving readers a look at East Germany in its wake and the business potential of this new market. The headline reads in part, "Euphoria Fading, Now the Labor Pains of Change Begin."
March. 26
March 26, 1990
The Ad Age logo morphs yet again, with a new chunky style. So cyber! And speaking of change, those guys on the cover? Yes, that's the almost unrecognizable team of Jeff Goodby and Rich Silverstein with then-partner Andy Berlin, who later struck out on his own.
May 21, 1990
"Murdoch Shops TV Guide." Our lead story rattles the publication's then-owner Rupert Murdoch so much that he bets then-Ad Age Editor-in-Chief Rance Crain $1 million that it was incorrect. We're still waiting for Rupert to pay up.
May 21
Nov. 12, 1990
Talk about an epic split. Volvo fakes an ad in which a monster truck runs over one of the company's models and does not crush the car, but crumples rivals. It was later discovered the Volvos were reinforced to withstand the pressure while the others were structurally altered to make them collapse, triggering a Federal Trade Commission investigation and a legendary ad scandal. The automaker and its agency each end up paying a $150,000 fine.
Nov. 12
1991
Jan. 14, 1991
No one is right 100 percent of the time, and we are really wrong with our assessment that the "Gulf War Could Delay Super Bowl." We're still cringing from that one.
1992
Jan. 13, 1992
In this historic editorial, Ad Age takes a stand in a heated debate by demanding that then-R.J. Reynolds Tobacco's popular brand mascot, Joe Camel, be permanently marched out into the desert. Our assertion that Old Joe does tempt kids into smoking makes us very unpopular with tobacco marketers and the agencies that subsist on their business. And that was before weed marketing.
1993
Feb. 15, 1993
As the ad world becomes more global, Ad Age begins covering the change in a new publication, Advertising Age International, which reports on events like this issue's cover story on marketers targeting Vietnam. Eventually, a separate publication no longer makes sense, and AAI folds into Ad Age in the late 1990s.
1994
Oct. 17, 1994
As ad scandals go, this is one of the biggest. Campbell Soup wants to make an ad showing how good its soup looks, so in 1968 it put marbles in the bottom of the bowl to lift up the noodles and stuff. That landed the company in the soup with the FTC. This Advertising Age cover story, which we publish more than two decades later, offers the inside scoop from a BBDO creative director who was then on the account.
1995
April 24, 1995
This cover is a watershed in Ad Age history. Our turn into popular culture goes way too far when we try to make some sense of Timothy McVeigh's attack on Oklahoma City's federal building. The result: A Time magazine-style package opining that it's the end of innocence for a country heretofore untouched by terrorism (complete with the lyrics of the title song "Oklahoma" interspersed throughout the story) is roundly booed by readers. They want us to stick to what we do best—report on advertising—and we resume doing just that.
1999
1999
Does that design sensibility look familiar? It should. For our special issue looking back at the ad century, we entice "The Simpsons" creator Matt Groening to do this incredible cover.
2005
For our 75th anniversary, we revisit some of our greatest hits in the "75 Years of Ideas" issue. Where else on one cover can you see former Y&R chairman Ed Ney, WPP CEO Martin Sorrell, soap star Susan Lucci, Joe Camel, Rosie the Riveter, MTV's Moonman and the Pets.com sock puppet?
2010
April 5, 2010
After a quarter-century of infuriating some creatives (or, as he was fond of calling them, the black shirts) and delighting others with his barbed and trenchant humor, Ad Age's longtime ad reviewer Bob Garfield hangs up his whip.
2012
Sept. 10, 2012
Ad Age's last major redesign shrinks its size from tabloid format and shows that we are on top of the trends: We run a story on media rebates four years before the issue becomes a huge bone of contention between the Association of National Advertisers and the 4A's that still sticks in the industry's craw today.
2014
May 12, 2014
Touted as the merger that will reshape the ad world forever, the pending marriage of Publicis and Omnicom screams from business publication headlines and dominates industry conversations for weeks. And then it fails to happen. We struggle to come up with the perfect headline. We nailed it.