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Norway
The flag of Norway was adopted in the 19th century, on July 17, 1821.
Flag
Like most flags around the world, each color and symbol on the Norwegian flag bears meaning to the people. The Nordic cross represents Christianity which is the main religion in the whole region. The white and red colors represented the union that Norway had with Denmark. The Blue color that makes up the cross represents Norway's union with Sweden before they gained autonomy.
Early History:
History
- Most of Scandinavia has been covered by ice at least three times, and the last ice melted about 14 000 years ago.
- The first traces of humans in Norway dates back to some time after 10,000 BC.
- The Norwegian painted caves are remarkable in the sense that they are the only recorded examples of their kind in northern Europe.
- Located in desolate areas along the Atlantic coast.
- The consensus of opinion is that the majority of the paintings were made by hunter-gatherer-fishers during the Bronze Age.
The Viking Age (793-1066 AD)
History Cont...
- For more than three centuries, the Vikings voyaged and invaded neighbouring countries.
- Local chieftains were administering their own areas of the country until Harald Hårfagre united Norway into one kingdom and became the first king around 885.
- The fundamental element for the Vikings was the ships, the instrument and symbol of Viking expansion. Due to their exceptional qualities and navigational skills, they spread across Europe, down the Caspian Sea, to Greenland and Iceland, and in the year 1000 to North America, where Leif Eriksson reached the American continent – about five hundred years earlier than Christopher Columbus.
- At that time Norway became a Christian country and the ruling king oppressed the Viking religion, but many people continued to hold on to the old beliefs.
Trolls
Topic
- These mythical creatures fall into two categories. There's trolls of the mountain and forest, and trolls of the caves.
- The trolls of the mountain/forest are usually seen as large, dumb, brutish creatures. Think of the reputation of a large neanderthal and you're halfway there! These creatures are closely connected with nature. As such, they are able to uproot trees to use as clubs, and also control the weather.
- Unlike their forest-dwelling siblings, the trolls of the caves live out of sight. Generally, they are depicted as shorter than humans, with stubby arms and legs. They're not generally friendly to humans. Like the other kind of trolls, they also use their connection with nature. However, more often than not it's to deceive humans.
Quick Facts:
- The monetary unit in Norway is the Norwegian Krone, NOK.
- The highest peak in Norway is Galdhøpiggen 2469 meters above the sea.
- Norway and Europe’s northernmost point is the North Cape.
- Norway has the highest concentration of fjords in the world. Two of these, the Geiranger Fjord and the Nærøy fjord, feature on the Unesco World Heritage List.
- The Lærdal Tunnel is the world’s longest road tunnel at 15 miles (24.5 km).
- The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Norway by a Norwegian committee.
- Snorre Sturluson’s Heimskringla (The History of Kings), written in the Old Norse Period (A.D. 750–1300), is still a bestseller in Norway today.
PEOPLE & CULTURE
- Most Norwegians are closely related to Danes and Swedes. Norway is also home to the Sami, a reindeer herding people. The Sami people are often shorter than most Norwegians and have darker complexions.
- Norwegians are proud of their traditions of equality and humanitarianism. The country often takes in refugees and people seeking asylum from other countries.
- The people of Norway have one of the highest standards of living in the world. Businesses are usually open from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m., with a short break for lunch.
- When families have a new baby, both parents can share 42 weeks of paid time off. Norwegian children don't begin school until they are seven years old.
Nature:
- Arctic animals such as reindeer (also known as caribou) and wolverines live throughout Norway. The sea cliffs are filled with nesting birds, including puffins, cormorants, and gulls.
- There are about 2,000 different plant species found here, with a few that are only found in Norway. Berries grow throughout the country.
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