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14
1984
By: George Orwell
Presented by:
Robert Meza
Jose R. Ramirez
Anthony Arrambide
Wrandon Soveranes
Raul Huizar
ENGL 1302.N1N
Fall 2020
6th Block
Major Characters:
Characters
Winston Smith- A minor member of the ruling Party in near-future London, Winston Smith is a thin, frail, contemplative, intellectual, and fatalistic thirty-nine-year-old. Winston hates the totalitarian control and enforced repression that are characteristic of his government. He harbors revolutionary dreams.
Julia- Winston’s lover, a beautiful dark-haired girl working in the Fiction Department at the Ministry of Truth. Julia enjoys sex and claims to have had affairs with many Party members. Julia is pragmatic and optimistic. Her rebellion against the Party is small and personal, for her own enjoyment, in contrast to Winston’s ideological motivation.
O’Brien- A mysterious, powerful, and sophisticated member of the Inner Party whom Winston believes is also a member of the Brotherhood, the legendary group of anti-Party rebels.
Mr. Charrington- An old man who runs a secondhand store in the prole district. Kindly and encouraging, Mr. Charrington seems to share Winston’s interest in the past. He also seems to support Winston’s rebellion against the Party and his relationship with Julia, since he rents Winston a room without a telescreen in which to carry out his affair. But Mr. Charrington is not as he seems. He is a member of the Thought Police.
Minor Characters:
Minor Characters
Big Brother- Though he never appears in the novel, and though he may not actually exist, Big Brother, the perceived ruler of Oceania, is an extremely important figure. Everywhere Winston looks he sees posters of Big Brother’s face bearing the message “BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU.” Big Brother’s image is stamped on coins and broadcast on the unavoidable telescreens; it haunts Winston’s life and fills him with hatred and fascination.
Syme- An intelligent, outgoing man who works with Winston at the Ministry of Truth. Syme specializes in language. As the novel opens, he is working on a new edition of the Newspeak dictionary. Winston believes Syme is too intelligent to stay in the Party’s favor.
Parsons-A fat, obnoxious, and dull Party member who lives near Winston and works at the Ministry of Truth. He has a dull wife and a group of suspicious, ill-mannered children who are members of the Junior Spies.
Emmanuel Goldstein- Another figure who exerts an influence on the novel without ever appearing in it. According to the Party, Goldstein is the legendary leader of the Brotherhood. He seems to have been a Party leader who fell out of favor with the regime. In any case, the Party describes him as the most dangerous and treacherous man in Oceania.
Major Symbols:
Symbols
Big Brother - Symbolizes the party and how the citizens are always being watched. This shows how the higher ranks of the party inflict fear into the citizens.
The Glass Paperweight - Symbolizes Winston's past and him trying to reconnect with it. The coral inside symbolizes Winston's and Julia's bond, and when it shatters, so does their relationship.
The Red-Armed Prole Woman - Symbolizes hope that one day the proles will rebel against the party. Also, she symbolizes the strong lower class.
Minor Symbols:
Minor Symbols:
The Telescreens - Symbolizes the party's surveillance and power over the people. They basically control every aspect of the people's lives and abuse the technology.
The Place There Is No Darkness - Symbolizes the way Winston approaches the future and believes he is doomed because events are inevitable *In his eyes*.
The False Equation 2+2=5 - Symbolizes the party's way of presenting lies as truths so the citizens can agree. It also symbolizes Winston's defeat and how he accepts lies as truths.
Major Themes
Themes
The Dangers of Totalitarianism: The fear that comes from Communism as The Party takes absolute control over the city as “Big Brother” becomes a Dictator and the new leader. With Communism, there is no individual freedom and it seeks to control all aspects of the individual life of all citizens to the authority of the government itself.
Psychological Manipulation: Residents were brainwashed into believing their government which is known as, “ The Party”, was fair and successful despite it being the opposite. They were subjected to constant propaganda from the government and were always monitored at all times. They would always see the same words which are known as, “ Big Brother is Watching You.”
Technology: Citizens were constantly monitored by The Party with hidden microphones and the telescreens which were all located around the city. The Party would also use machinery to produce fear and decrease rebellion among those who opposed them.
Minor Themes
Language as Mind Control: The Party uses language to stop its citizens from formulating doubt and to question the absolute power of its government. They created a loophole to stop the citizens from conveying thoughts and to keep them obedient.
Resistance and Revolution: There is resistance among those who oppose The Party, but not enough personnel to create a revolution to overthrow those who are in power unless the requirements are met. If organized properly, there could be a coup d'etat to get rid of The Party.
Independence and Identity: There is no difference between the members within The Party and those who oppose them which are known as, “The Outer Party”. No individuality is present among both sides and neither is independent of one to the other among both parties. They are one within the eyes of Big Brother.
Part 1: Chapter 1
Summaries
On a cold day in April of 1984, a man named Winston Smith returns to his frail apartment. As he climbs the staircase towards his room, he notices a poster depicting an enormous face, underscored by the words “BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU.” (A poster of the government’s party) Winston finally reaches his apartment, and, in his room, there is a telescreen, which is a device that can never be turned off and can hear and watch what people do. It is used to ensure that individuals follow the rules and stay loyal to the party. Winston moves out of range of the telescreen and reaches for his diary where he begins to write about the hatred he feels towards the party. (Writing your thoughts is illegal and is considered thought crime) Suddenly there is a knock-on Winston’s door.
Chapter 2
Winston opens the door fearfully, assuming that the Thought Police have arrived to arrest him for writing in the diary, but it was only his neighbor Mrs. Parsons. She came to ask for help with the plumbing in her house while her husband is away. Winston goes to her apartment and is tormented by Parsons children, who are Junior Spies, and have accuse him of thoughtcrime before. (Junior Spies is an organization of children who monitor adults for disloyalty to the Party) Once done Winston returns back to his apartment where he proceeds to write a little more on his diary before hiding it away.
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Winston dreams about his mother and feels responsible for her disappearance. He dreams of a calm and peaceful place where he feels love and privacy. Suddenly Winston woken up by the telescreen telling him to get ready for Physical Jerks. (a round of exercise) As Winston is exercising, he starts to think about Oceania’s relationship with Eurasia (another country) and recalls that they used to be allies before ,but according to the party they have always been in war. He then reflects to himself that if someone tells a lie often enough, it will later be accepted as the truth. His thoughts are then interrupted by the telescreen scolding him for not doing good in the Physical jerks. Winston proceeds to do the exercise.
Chapter 4
Winston goes to work at the Minister of Truth where he corrects articles to help Big Brothers records match his development. Winston is in charge to alter the record of a speech that belonged to Comrade Withers. He replaced Withers name with a fake name he created because he had been vaporized for his disloyalty towards the party. Winston then starts reflecting on the all the fraud the Minister of truth does to help benefit the party.
Chapter 5
Winston has lunch with an intelligent Party member known as Syme, who works on a revised dictionary of Newspeak which is the official language of Oceania. As both Syme and Winston are talking Mr. Parson (husband of the woman whose plumbing Winston fixed) joins their table, he apologizes to Winston for his children’s harassment the day before ,but states that he is proud of his children spirit towards the party. As this is going on an announcement is transmitted in the loudspeaker. As Winston is listening to the announcement, he notices the dark-haired girl staring at him across a table. He worries that she is a Party agent.
Chapter 6
That evening, Winston records in his diary his memory of his last sexual encounter which was with a prostitute. (having sex is considered an act of rebellion) He writes down his awful experience hoping it can urge him of the memory, but it doesn’t work. Winston desperately wants to have an enjoyable sexual affair, which he sees as the ultimate act of rebellion.
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Winston writes in his diary “If there is hope it lies in the proles”. The proles are the working class of the country and make over 85 percent of the population. He believes that they can outnumber the thought police and overcome them, but he mentions how they lack energy and interest. Winston then pulls out an old children’s history and copies a passage into his diary thinking to himself how much of what he is writing is actually true. He then recalls of the time when he encountered proof that the Party did lie about its history. Thinking about the Party’s control of every record of the truth, Winston realizes that the Party requires its members to deny the evidence of their eyes and ears. Winston goes on to write in his diary “freedom is the freedom to say that 2 + 2 = 4.”
Chapter 8
Winston goes out for a walk in the prole district. He then sees an old man and thinks to himself that he might have knowledge of a time before the party. He follows him inside a bar where he asks him questions about the past, but unfortunately the old man’s memory is vague. He then goes to a store where he bought his diary. In the store Winston buys a clear glass paperweight with a pink coral center, and then the store owner, Mr. Charrington ask him if he would like to go to an up stairs room where there is no telescreen. Winston feels secure and comfortable in this room and considers renting it. Winston then leaves the store and is on his way home when he notices the dark hair girl watching him from a distance. He thinks to himself that she is spying on him and goes back home fearing that she will get him.
Part 2: Chapter 1
It’s the next day at work and Winston is heading towards the men’s room. On his way he encounters the dark hair girl, she falls down and Winston goes to help her up. While doing this the dark hair girl slips a note in Winton’s hand. Confuse with the actions of the dark hair girl Winston goes to his desk and reads the note, it says “I love you”. Winston does not fully comprehend what had just occurred. He always suspected the dark hair girl as a spy, but know she was claiming that she loves him. The two later meet at the lunchroom from work. Without looking at each other they plan to meet at Victory Square where they will be able to hide from the telescreens during the movement of the crowds. At Victory Square the girl gives Winston directions to a place where they can have their 1st date. They manage to hold hands for a moment before going their separate ways.
Chapter 2
Winston follows the directions given by the dark hair girl. Although doesn’t know what to expect he no longer believes that the girl is a spy. Winston reaches the destination in the woods where the girl is waiting for him. Here she tells Winston that her name is Julia, and she explains that she has feelings for him. Winston and Julia then make love. Winston then ask Julia if she has done this before and Julia replies yes, many times. This just makes Winston love Julia more because it means that more Party members are being unloyal to the party by committing this crime.
Chapter 3
Julia and Winton continue meeting in different places around the city. At work they are only able to talk discretely because of all the cameras and security that are around them. Unlike Winston, Julia is not interested in widespread rebellion, she simply likes outsmarting the party and enjoying herself. She just wants to enjoy being alive and live in the moment.
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Winston is waiting for Julie in Mr. Charrington top room which he is now renting long term. Winston feelings for Julia have gotten stronger and he want to make their relationship more romantic and relaxing. Julie arrives and she brought sugar, chocolate and other treats which are luxuries that not everyone can obtain. Julie also has makeup and perfume on, and she overwhelms Winston. They make love and fall asleep. Julie then wakes up and sees a rat. She is unfazed by it and just scares it away. Winston on the other hand was terrified of the rat. When Julia leaves, Winston sits gazing into the crystal paperweight, imagining living inside it with Julia in an eternal stasis.
Chapter 5
As Winston had predicted Syme was vanished and was now a unperson. The city comes alive with all the preparations for Hate Week. Mr. Parson and his children hang up streamers and sing the Hate Song. While everyone is getting ready for hate week Winston just can’t stop thinking about his secret room. He starts to fantasy a future with Julia where they get married. They both meet up in the secret room and talk about a group called Brotherhood (a group that is against the party) and mention how O’Brien might be involved with them.
Chapter 6
Winston is walking down a hall at work when suddenly O’Brien comes up to him to talk. O’Brien brings up the newest edition of the Newspeak dictionary, and he invites Winston to his house one evening so he can check it out for himself. This reinforces Winston’s believe that O’Brien could be involved with a rebellion group such as Brotherhood. Although Winston is aware that this can all lead to his death, he accepts the consequences and is exited for having O’Brien’s address.
Chapter 7
One morning, Winston wakes up crying in the room above Mr. Charrington’s shop. Julia is with him and she asks him what is wrong. Winston tells her that he has been dreaming of his mother, and that until that moment, he subconsciously believed that he was the cause of her disappearance, but now he is suddenly gripped with a sequence of memories that he had repressed. These memories are of his childhood when his father left his family. Winston hates the fact that the Party makes party members eliminated their human feelings. Winston and Julia then reassure each other that if one day they are caught the party will not be able to make them stop loving each other.
Chapter 8
Winton and Julia both go to O’Brien’s house. O’Brien welcomes them both and surprises them as he turns of his telescreen so they can all conversate in private. (only higher ranks in the party are allowed to turn off their telescreen). Winston then declares to O’Brien that both him and Julia are rebels of the party and would like to become members of the “Brotherhood” if such organization exists. O’Brien tells them that the Brotherhood does exist and then he asks them some questions to test them if they are prepared to join the resistance. O’Brien then talks to them about some of the rules they have in the Brotherhood and shortly after Julia leaves. Before Winston left O’Brien asks him if he has a hiding place. Winston tells him about Mr. Charrington’s top room, and they agree on seeing each other again. Winston leaves and O’Brien turns back on his telescreen.
Chapter 9
Winston is exhausted because he has to work overtime at the Minister of Truth. This is because he has to change the history of Oceania being in war with Eurasia. According to the party they have never been at war with them. Rather, the party states that Oceania is, and always has been, at war with Eastasia. (another country) Winston finally finishes his work and goes to his hiding place where he reads a book called “Goldstein’s The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism” which is a book given to him by O’Brien. Here he reads about the history of the party and how it is structured and operates. Julia comes in the room and Winston reads her the book as she falls asleep.
Chapter 10
Both Winston and Julia wake up to the woman singing across the window. Winston say, “We are the dead,” and Julia repeats after him. From the background a third voice says, “You are the dead.” It’s the thought police who have caught them. With them is Mr. Charrington who is revealed to be a member of the thought police. The man in black storm in the room and take down Winston and Julia carry them downstairs.
Chapter 1
Winston is taken to a cell where he is being observed by 4 telescreens. Here he suffers from hunger and pain from the beatings he receives from the guards. Despite all this Winston worries more about Julia and hopes she’s okay. Suddenly Winston cell is open, and O’Brien comes in. Winston cries out, “They’ve got you too!” To which O’Brien replies, “They got me long ago,” revealing that he has always been loyal to the party.
Part 3: Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Winston is taken to a room where he is tortured by O’Brien. O’Brien tells him that his crime was not accepting the party to control his memory and history. In this room they are trying to reprogram Winston’s mind with pain. They want him to believe that there is no truth but the one the party tells him.
Part 3
Chapter 3
TiAfter weeks of torture O’Brien tells Winston what the motives of the party are. He mentions that the party is only interested in power and control over everyone. Despite the amount of tortured Winston holds on to ideas he knows are true with the most important one being his love for Julia. O’Brien is aware of this and tells Winston not to worry, as he will be cured soon.
Part 3
Chapter 4
Time has passed and Winston is transferred to a more comfortable room where the torturing is less extreme. Winston hasn’t forgotten about Julia; he calls for her knowing that he will get punish for it. O’Brien is still trying to change Winston’s feelings for the party, but Winston can help but to hate it. O’Brien sees no other alternative and tells the guards to take him to room 101.
Part 3
chapter 5
In room 101 individuals are tortured with their biggest fears. In Winston’s case rats. A mask with two compartments is placed on Winston’s face. On one side Winston will have his face and on the other there will be hungry rats waiting to feast on Winston. As the rats get closer Winston cracks and yells out “DO IT TO JULIA! NOT ME!” O’Brien satisfied with his betrayal removes the cage.
Part 3
Part 3
Major Plot Points
Plot Points
Plot Point #1 Winston started writing over and over again, “Down with big brother”.
Winston had pulled out a diary he had bought from a 2nd hand store district. He started writing in the diary to only remember the hatred he had for a girl in the Ministry of Truth.Eventually he noticed he had written, ``Down with big brother”, a crime he had done.
Plot Point #2 The Dark-Haired Girl
Winston takes a break at work to use the restroom. As he walks down the hallway, the dark-haired girl falls to the floor and Winston hurriedly helps her up. On the way up she discreetly hands him a piece of paper and instead of immediately opening it he waits at his desk for 5 minutes. Inside said "I Love you".
Plot point #3 O’Brien high ranked?
When Winston is locked up in his and all of a sudden O’Brien walked into his cell and eventually knowing that he was a high rank in the inner party and Winston had been tricked all along.
Plot point #4 "Getting caught"
Winston and Julia end up getting caught by the police later leading towards an arrest. They are punished for plotting against and breaking the rules imposed by the Party. After severe torture and brainwashing, Winston is eventually killed
Plot point #5 Is Winston dead?
Towards the end of the novel they’re had been many accusations of The Ministry of Truth supposedly threatening to kill Winston but, actually never ended up dead at all. All in all, he ended up loving big brother and his soul was left selfless and a puppet towards the ministry of Truth.
Minor Plot Points
Minor Plot Point #1 " Memory Hole"
When Winston is at work, some papers comes to his workstation, containing party documents and radom papers. Among them, Winston finds a newspaper clipping regarding an incident the Party tried to cover up. After reading it, holding the evidence in his hands, he tosses the clipping into the memory hole. Destroying the evidence he had, but never destroying the experience.
Minor Plot Point #2 "WIston and Julia"
After Winston and Julia meet again, the dark-haired girl, continues to find ways to talk to Winston and she thought a plan to meet each other. After given directions Winston met up with Julia, she guides him to an area and proceeds to take her clothes off exactly like in a dream that Winston had recently dreamed about. They have sex. A blow to the Party.
Minor Plot Point #3 " The Torture"
O’Brien straps Winston to a chair, then had clamped Winston’s head so that he can't move. He tells Winston that Room 101 contains “the worst thing in the world.” He reminds Winston of his worst nightmare the dream of being in a dark place with something ugly on the other side of the wall and then informs him that rats are on the other side of the wall. O’Brien picks up a cage full of enormous, squirming rats and purposely places it near Winston. He quickly betrayed Julia and O'Brien is pleased at the end.
Citations
Characters Works Cited
Celona, Tina. "1984 Characters." LitCharts. LitCharts LLC, 22 Jul 2013. Web. 11 Oct 2020.
SparkNotes, SparkNotes, www.sparknotes.com/lit/1984/characters/.
Symbols Works Cited
“1984 Questions and Answersby George Orwell.” Enotes.com, Enotes.com, www.enotes.com/homework-help/explain-quotation-we-shall-meet-place-where-there-438193.
LitCharts. “1984 Symbols.” LitCharts, www.litcharts.com/lit/1984/symbols.
“Quotes About Telescreens In 1984.” Quotes About Telescreens In 1984. QuotesGram, quotesgram.com/quotes-about-telescreens-in-1984/.
“Radiohead George Orwell 1984 2+2=5 Newspeak Shirt.” Worthpoint, www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/radiohead-george-orwell-1984-2-170216231.
SparkNotes, SparkNotes, www.sparknotes.com/lit/1984/symbols/.
Symbol Project.” Prezi.com, prezi.com/idka7cdtfeut/1984-symbol-project/.
thumore88 Follow. “1984 Lesson Plan Ppt.” SlideShare, 11 Aug. 2014, www.slideshare.net/thumore88/1984-p-pt.
“Why Does Winston Buy The Paperweight In 1984.” Adscigarettes, adscigarettes.weebly.com/blog/why-does-winston-buy-the-paperweight-in-1984.
Themes Works Cited
Bbc. “Why Orwell's 1984 Could Be about Now.” Annabaa Information Network, Annabaa Information Network, 21 May 2018, en.annabaa.org/culture/625.
Conlin, Stephen H. “Language, Power, and the Reality of Truth in 1984.” VoegelinView, 4 July 2018, voegelinview.com/language-power-reality-truth-1984/.
“Examples of Psychological and Physical Control in 1984.” Mrs Lyon's Blog, 2 Jan. 2014, mrslyonsblog.wordpress.com/2014/01/02/examples-of-psychological-and-physical-control-in-1984/.
Jha, Shashwat. “Is the Dystopian Technology from George Orwell's 1984 Already Here?” Medium, ILLUMINATION, 5 Aug. 2020, medium.com/illumination/is-the-dystopian-technology-from-george-orwells-1984-already-here-31e73bf945ff.
“r/Vexillology - A Flag for Eurasia (1984).” Reddit, www.reddit.com/r/vexillology/comments/2t0cve/a_flag_for_eurasia_1984/.
SparkNotes, SparkNotes, www.sparknotes.com/lit/1984/themes/.
Sutori, www.sutori.com/story/the-terror-of-a-totalitarian-government--YKCrxM9m3UKWiQkVjdvHrow4.
Plot Points Work Cited
Google Search, Google, www.google.com/search?q=1984+pics.
Nick Sweeney, Kelsey McConnell. “Big Brother Is Watching: 16 Unsettling Dystopian Books Like '1984'.” Theportalist.com, 15 Jan. 2020, theportalist.com/books-like-1984.
SparkNotes, SparkNotes, www.sparknotes.com/lit/1984/section1/.
“Subjects.” In 1984, Does Winston Die from a Bullet at the End of the Book or Is He in a Dream-State?,
www.cliffsnotes.com/cliffsnotes/subjects/literature/in1984-does-winston-die-from-a- bullet-at-the-end-of-the-book-or-is-he-in-a-dreamstate.