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God, Gold & Glory

Intro to The first 13 colonies

Standards Covered in This Unit

5th Grade

Standards

CCSS.HSS.5.4

1. Understand the influence of location and physical setting on the founding of the original 13 colonies, and identify on a map the locations of the colonies and of the American Indian Nations inhabiting these areas.

2. Identify the major individuals and groups responsible for the founding of the various colonies and the reasons for their founding (e.g., John Smith, Virginia; Roger Williams, Rhode Island; WIlliam Penn, Pennsylvania; Lord Baltimore, Maryland; William Bradford, Plymouth; John Winthrop, Massachusetts)

What would you do if..

  • In your home country, you are persecuted and face death for your religion...
  • You live in a city that is cramped, crowded, dirty and full of disease...
  • In your home country, you have a choice - go to debtors prison or leave..
  • You hear there is a new world where gold is plenty and anyone can become rich...

What would you do if..

Would you leave everything and everyone you know behind to sail weeks on a crowded ship to a whole new world? Explain.

Americans To Be..

The 'first'

Americans

Why did Europeans set out for the

New World?

Let's brainstorm some possible ideas...

American as a Religious Refuge

Religious

Freedom

Here are a few examples of punishments Quakers

received in England because of their religion

Looking at this picture - why do you think people

of certain religions felt like they HAD to escape to the New World?

("Persecution of Quakers by the Puritans", 2018)

Europeans, who faced persecution*, refused to change religious beliefs and fled to Europe. Many religious colonist felt Europe was sinful and wanted to create a 'City on the Hill', in the New World to serve as an example.

Persecution

*hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs.

(Dictionary.com, "Persecution")

Religious groups persecuted in Europe

Puritans, Protestants, Jesuits, Catholics, Huguenots,, Lutherans, Mennonites

Who was being persecuted in Europe?

https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/religion/rel01.html

(Hutson, 1998)

Financial Gain

Economics

In Europe, only first-born sons could inherit family money and property.

British noblemen started fencing off land that had been common land for centuries before. This ended the livelihoods of many poorer British and encouraged them to move to the Americas.

Wealthy British sought opportunities to invest money in colonies.

Mercantilism was replacing the old economic theory of Feudalism.

England wanted to secure raw materials directly from colonies instead of paying high fees to other countries.

British individuals desired to own land which was in scarce supply in England

English business had surplus manufactured goods they wanted to sell to colonies.

("Colonial America", 2019)

(Cummings, 2019)

Surplus in population

* Enclosure movement, taking land from cultivation and fencing it off for sheep pastureland was more profitable for noblemen and required less laborers.

*New lands in America offered opportunities for work

*Upper classes had population surpluses as well - only first born sons inherited money and land. Second and Third sons needed jobs and land.

*The population was growing again after Black Death and cities were overpopulated and crowded.

*1520: English population: 2.5 million | 1550 : English population: 3 million, 1600: English Population: 4 million.

Overpopulation in Europe

("List of countries by population in 1600", 2019)

Technology

Assignment

(Maps, "The Colonization of North America")

Please watch if you would like more info

Video Resource

(Edgar, 2015)

Native

Americans

The 'original' Americans

Americans That Were..

These are just a few of the many tribes that were living in the Americas before colonist arrived

Ottawa

Iroquois Confederacy

Algonquian

Cherokee

Lakota Sioux

("Original Inhabitants of the 13 Colonies")

Native American Lives (pre-colonies)

(Green, 2013)

Native Americans and the English

(Green, J, 2013)

Assignment

Each table will be assigned one tribe from slide one and must complete the attached graphic organizer with information researched online. Each table will give a presentation on their tribe.

(History.com Editors, 2018)

The 13 Colonies

13

Colonies

The first 13 colonies were British colonies on the East Coast

Can someone name one

of the original 13

colonies?

("Betsy Ross flag", 2019)

New England Colonies

New England

Colonies

(Short, 2016)

Province of New

Hampshire

Founded by John Mason and Fedinando Gorges in 1623.

They were fishermen who built a fort and fish-processing buildings.

In 1641, Massachusetts colony claimed the territory that was New Hampshire. It became known as the 'Upper Proviince of Massachusetts until 1679. Reunited with Massachusetts again in 1698 but gained independence in 1741.

Province of Massachusetts

Bay

Founded in 1620 when the Pilgrims arrived from England and formed the Plymouth Colony.

Saved from starvation by Wamapanoag Indians and together, celebrated first Thanksgiving in 1620.

Founded by English Puritan, Roger Williams. Firs, he arrived in Massachusetts as part of the 'Great Migration' but thought the Puritan Church was not pure enough. Williams was banished from the church in 1635 and he traveled the wilderness and purchased land from local indians and founded the town of Providence.

Colony of

Rhode Island

and Providence Plantations

(Goddard, 1997)

Connecticut was originally settled by Dutch fur traders in 1614. First English settlers arrived in 1633 under the leader, Reverend Thomas Hooker. They were Puritans from Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Mohegan and Pequot Tribes were settled there first.

Connecticut

Colony

(The Society of Colonial Wars, 2011)

Middle Colonies

Middle

Colonies

(Short, 2016)

Area was settled by Dutch in 1613. Dutch named it New Netherland. In 1625, legend says Peter Minuit founded New Amsterdam after paying the local Indian tribes $24 worth of trinkets for the land

Province of New York

(Saraniero, 2019)

First colonized by Dutch settlers around 1613. By 1664, the British claimed the entire region and drove the Dutch out.

Province of New Jersey

(Siegel, "13 Colonies Interactive Profile Map")

Pennsylvania was founded in 1681 by William Penn after receiving a land grant from King Charles II.

Government based on religious freedom for Quakers. Colonies religious freedom attracted German and Scottish immigrants and had peaceful relations with local Indians.

Province of Pennsylvania

(Tingle, 2012)

Delaware Colony

Dutch first settled Delaware in 1631 but all killed after disagreement with local Indians.

In 1664, British removed the Dutch from East Coast. William Penn persuaded the Duke of York to lease him the shore of Delaware Bay. Lord Baltimore, proprietary governor of Maryland, felt he had the rights to land, so the heirs of Baltimore and Penn fought for 100 years. Issue settled in 1750 when border lines defined.

Southern Colonies

Southern

Colonies

(Short, 2016)

Province of Maryland

Founded in 1632 by Cecil Calvert. The colony was named after Henrietta Maria, wife of King Charles I. In November of 1633, about 200 Catholic settlers led by Cecil's younger brother boarded the ships ARK and DOVE and set sail for Maryland. By 1634, Maryland became one of the few territories of England to be predominately Catholic.

Wikipedia, 2019

Despite the failure of the Lost Colony of Roanoke, King James I was eager to start a permanent English settlement in North America. Granted charters to a pair of English companies to establish settlements. The, London Company, led by Captain Christopher Newport was successful in founding Jamestown. The town was built on hunting grounds of Algonkin Indians, the colonist didn't want to farm or build shelter and only wanted to find opportunities to make money. By 1607, only 38 of 104 colonist were alive. John Smith traded with the Indians for food and supplies. The colony struggled and fought with Indians throughout the years until 1624 when the crown took control.

Colony and Dominion of Virginia

(Group, 1970)

North Carolina

First settled in 1587 by John White when he and settlers landed on Roanoke Island. First English settlement in New World. By 1590, all colonist on the island had disappeared. Today, referred to as 'The Lost Colony'. The next North Carolina settlement was in 1655 by Nathaniel Batts.

South Carolina

Founded in 1663, was part of the Province of Carolina, when King Charles II gave the land to eight noble men known as the Lords Proprietors. At the time, the province included both North and South Carolina. They become separate royal colonies in 1729. The first permanent settlement established in 1670. Economy resembled the Caribbean Islands, where most residents came from. Economy plantation based - tobacco, rice, indigo.

Province of Georgia

In 1732, James Oglethorpe received a royal charter for the Province of Georgia. Named after King George II. Oglethorpe imagined the area as a refuse for England's poor people, who were crowded in debtor's prisons in England. Believed debtors could become farmers and soldiers. In 1733, 116 settlers arrived aboard HMS Anne. Georgia became the last English colony in the New World. Georgia became a major center for exporting rice, indigo, beef and pork.

(Britannica, 2018)

Map of all 13 colonies

The Original 13 colonies

("North America", 2016)

After reading about each colony - complete this worksheet

Short

Writing

Assignment

(Education.com, 2018)

Please watch for more information

Video Resource

(Edgar, 2015)

Mayflower Compact

Primary Source Analyzing Activity

The Mayflower Compact was a set of rules for self-governance established by the English Settlers who traveled to the New World on the Mayflower in 1620. The ship was supposed to land in Virginia but due to bad weather ended up in Massachusetts. In order to maintain order and quell rebellion, Pilgrim leaders created a set of laws on November 11, 1620. The Compact was signed by all adult male colonist.

LETS TAKE A LOOK AT THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT..

("Mayflower Compact", 2009)

TAKE TWO MINUTES TO LOOK THIS OVER..

TURN TO YOUR ELBOW PARTER AND ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS

What are your first thoughts looking at this document?

*Remember this was written in 1620.

What struggles are you having with this document?

What would better help you analyze this document?

If you said a modern translation - I've got one for you!

Let's move on to the assignment tab..

Mayflower Compact

Primary Source

*handout of Maflower Compact

will be passed out

Wikipedia, 2019)

Mayflower Compact

Writing

Activity

-Read the Compact quietly

-Turn to your elbow partner and tell them what stands out most to you about this document

*Remember to use context clues to help you with words you don't understand

-Let's review this together

-Answer the questions on your handout using the Mayflower Compact as your guide

(Use complete sententces)

*handout will be passed out

-Show your work on the handout

https://www.education.com/files/71801_71900/71822/mayflower-compact.pdf

(Education.com, 2014)

What does the future hold for the colonies?

Consider this....

What's To Come?

Critical Thinking Questions

*Native Americans have been living on the land for thousands of years, the same land the colonist want...

*Crops, such as tobacco and cotton, are major money makers but require lots of labor and a constant source of workers....

*The colonies are thousands of miles away from their king in England and are left alone to mostly govern themselves and create their own rules...

*The 13 colonies are British subjects but Spain, Netherlands, France and Spaniards have their eyes on the New World...

Write a 4 Paragraph Essay

Based on what you have learned so far, write an essay with your educated guess about what you think will happen in each scenario.

Essay

Assignment

Bibliography

North America. (2016, July 12). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/usstates/colonies.htm

New England Colonies Postcard Worksheet. (2018, December 07). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.education.com/worksheet/article/new-england-colonies/

Welcome to the Society of Colonial Wars in Connecticut! (2011). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.colonialwarsct.org/

Goddard, I. W. (1997). ROGER WILLIAMS. Retrieved April 34, 2019, from http://iangoddard.com/roger.htm

Saraniero, N. (2019, April 19). 10 NYC Streets from the Original Dutch Colonial Street Grid. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://untappedcities.com/2018/10/03/10-nyc-streets-from-the-original-dutch-colonial-street-grid/

Tingle, C. R. (2012, April 14). William Penn (1644–1718). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from http://uscivilliberties.org/biography/4260-penn-william-16441718.html

Siegel, M. (n.d.). 13 Colonies Interactive Profile Map. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://mrnussbaum.com/13-colonies-interactive-profile-map

Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore. (2019, April 24). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Calvert,_2nd_Baron_Baltimore

Britannica, T. E. (2018, December 18). James Edward Oglethorpe. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Edward-Oglethorpe

Group, G. E. (1970, January 01). Virginia Colony Class project. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from http://thevirginiacolony.blogspot.com/2011/03/virginia-colony-class-project.html

Original Inhabitants of the 13 Colonies. (n.d.). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h936.html

Green, J. (2013, January 31). The Black Legend, Native Americans, and Spaniards: Crash Course US History #1. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6E9WU9TGrec

Green, J. (2013, February 14). The Natives and the English - Crash Course US History #3. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTYOQ05oDOI

Editors, H. (2009, October 29). Mayflower Compact. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower-compact

Mayflower Compact. (2019, February 05). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayflower_Compact

Education.com. (2014, March 11). The Mayflower Compact: Would You Sign? Activity. Retrieved April 23, 2019, from https://www.education.com/activity/article/mayflower_compact/

Persecution of Quakers by the Puritans. (2018, August 27). Retrieved April 23, 2019, from https://historicipswich.org/2015/10/13/persecution-of-quakers-by-the-puritans/

Persecution. (n.d.). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/persecution

Hutson, J. H. (1998, June 04). Religion and the Founding of the American Republic America as a Religious Refuge: The Seventeenth Century, Part 1. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/religion/rel01.html

Cummings, J. (2019, January 31). INDENTURED: THE GAMBLE OF A LIFETIME. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://thorowgoodworld.wordpress.com/tag/sir-john-thorowgood/

Colonial America. (n.d.). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.ducksters.com/history/colonial_america/daily_life_on_the_farm.php

List of countries by population in 1600. (2019, April 18). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population_in_1600

Edgar, K. (2015, July 30). Colonial America, ep 1: England and Colonies and Charters oh my! Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Avc5FS159A&t=128s

Maps, O. (n.d.). The Colonization of North America. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/FreeDownload/The-Colonization-of-North-America-Worksheet-and-Free-Interactive-Map-Website-1712325

Edgar, K. (2015, August 04). Colonial America, ep. 2: Getting to know the Colonies. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjbAOU-YPeE&t=147s

Betsy Ross flag. (2019, March 31). Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betsy_Ross_flag

Editors, H. (2018, August 29). The 13 Colonies. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/thirteen-colonies

Short, T. (2016). The American Colonies and Their Government Chapter 4 - ppt video online download. Retrieved April 24, 2019, from https://slideplayer.com/slide/8244088/

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