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Abolitionists and Underground Railroad
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Transcript
Abolitionists and Underground Railroad
By Hunter Hopwood
Abolitionists
- Abolitionists are people who sought to end slavery, they wanted immediate emancipation of slaves
- Most Abolitionists were white and religious, but there were some black men and women who escaped that joined the cause
- They sent petitions to congress and sent people to run for office
- The Abolitionists mimic the same tactics of which British citizens used in the 1830s to end slavery in Britain
- Abolitionism quickly spread throughough the northern states
Abolitionists
- Abolitionism started in New York and Massachusetts and quickly spread to other states in the North
- In 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was passed, it required all escaped slaves to be returned to their owners and all citizens to help do so
- 7 years later, the Supreme Court ruled that all black people, free or enslaved, had no citizenship rights, all Abolitionists were outraged by this
- Some famous Abolitionists include: William Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Stowe,
Susan Anthony, and John Brown
Abolitionists
Pictures
Frederick Douglass
Underground Railroad
- Not an actual "railroad," but an intricate way to transport escaped slaves into Canada or free states, yet a network of people and places
- It ran through houses, barns, churches, and businesses
- The people who ran it were willing to sacrifice their freedom because if they got caught, it meant jail
- Between 1810 and 1850, over 100,000 enslaved people were brought to freedom by The Underground Railroad
- The term "Conductors" meant a person who guided runaways to the "Stations", or safe houses, the fugitives were called
"Passengers" and "Cargo" were the ones which made it safely
Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad cont.
- Most people that were a part of the Underground Railroad worked alone, rather than an organized group
- "Conductors" often disguised as slaves to help break them out, most of this was done at night
- most safe houses were between 10-20 miles apart
- The Underground Railroad was considered the heart of the Abolition Movement
Underground Railroad
Pictures
Relation to Beginning of the War
- Because Abolitionists believed all men are equal, slave owners became more and frustrated with the Abolitionists demands of freedom
- Both sides(North and South) became so worked up about this issue, the war started
- The Underground Railroad is what the Abolitionists used to transport and free the slaves
- With all of the slaves escaping, the tensions kept rising between the Owners and Abolitionists, fighting started
Relation to Civil War
Sources
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/abolitionist-movement
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/underground-railroad
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