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Structure of Matter

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Matter

Subtopic 1

Elements and Compounds

Elements and Compounds

Occurrence

Occurrence

Elements have a tendency to combine with each other to form compounds. They only occur in combined form as compounds

Elements occurring in free state in nature - Oxygen, Nitrogen, Gold

1. Compound can be broken down into its constituent elements by chemical methods

Properties of Compounds

2. A compound always contains the same elements combined together chemically in a fixed ratio

3. The properties of a compound are different from those of its constituent elements.

Properties of Compounds

Properties of Compounds

Mixture

Mixtures

Definition

Mixtures

When two or more elements or compounds are mixed together and there is no chemical change between them, we get a mixture of the elements or compounds. In a mixture, no new molecules are formed.

Properties

Properties of Mixtures

A mixture can be made by mixing together two or more elements or compounds in any ratio.

Differences between Compounds and Mixtures

Compound v/s Mixture

Differences

Compounds Mixtures

1. Constituents are combined together chemically

1. Constituents are combined together not chemically but physically only

2. Constituents can be present in any ratio

2. Same constituents are present in a fixed ratio

3. Constituents can be separated only by chemical methods

3. Constituents can be separated by physical methods

4. Properties are those of their constituents

4. Have properties different from those of their constituents

5. Often energy is absorbed or released during the formation of compounds

5. Often no energy is absorbed or released when a mixture is formed

Symbols

Subtopic 1

Formulae

Chemical Equations

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