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DESIGN OF A TRANSCEIVER FOR UWB COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Opposite to what many people may think, Ultra Wide Band (UWB) signals are not
a new concept in wireless communications. Research on impulse radar technology was
done during 1940s and 1960s, and the first patents for short-pulse receivers were granted
then. Originally, this concept was called carrierless or impulse technology due to its nature.
The term UWB started to be used in the 1980s when it surged a new interest in research for
potential applications.
The UWB systems show properties that make them attractive for many applications.
For example, they are inherently resistant to multi-path fading due to the fact that it is
possible to resolve differential delays between pulses on the order of 1ns. Furthermore, as
the signals are spread in a wide bandwidth, they show a low power spectral density which
makes them suitable for Low Probability of Detection (LPD) systems. Applications that
have been envisioned for these systems are for example: low complexity, low cost,
low-power consumption, and high data rates wireless connectivity of devices entering the
personal space, range finding and self-location systems, and terrain mapping radars.
Ultra Wide Band impulse radios are microwave systems that communicate using
baseband pulses of very short duration. Pulse Generation, modulation, and multiple access
are time domain dependent functions. Therefore, instead of characterizing these systems in
the frequency domain as most wireless systems, their behavior is better defined in the time
domain. These systems are described using their impulse response. Hence, they are known
as impulse radios.
In order to understand the impulse response, it is important to note that the output of
a system in the time domain is defined with the convolution formula:
The DS-UWB transceiver that was proposed in this study was simulated in order to
obtain its performance under an AWGN channel. The objective of this simulation was to
know the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the bit error rate (BER) of the link at distances up
to 100m using different bit rates. Two simulations were executed in order to compare the
degradation of the performance due to phase noise. The first simulation did not include
jitter in the calculations while the other introduced the jitter effect as described in section
5.5. Next, the results of the measurements of the pulse generator are presented. Finally, a
case study is included to illustrate the multi-user capability of the system.