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Religious Reformers in Christianity - Martin Luther

Salah Qaraeen

Religious Reformers - Luther

Religious Reformers - Martin Luther

  • Aim of Reformers is to change religion for the better as “seeking to live and speak the Truth” would change the trajectory of religious traditions and the lives of its adherence
  • Martin Luther (1483 - 1686) - Former Monk, Priest, Author, Hymn Writer, Professor

Sola Fide

  • Luther had reached a conclusion of Spiritual realisation, 'Sola Fide' meaning 'By Faith Alone'.
  • Challenged Aristotelianism on Christian Ethics

Biblical Verses Attatched:

  • “My god, my God, why have you forsaken me?” [Psalms 22:1]
  • “The just will live by faith” [Romans 1:17]

Luther's Quote:

  • “Be a sinner and sin boldly, but more strongly have faith and rejoice in Christ” - Martin Luther, 1517

Sola Scriptura and the 95 Thesis

  • Rebelled against the selling of Indulgences
  • Led to the seeking of stopping the church from adhering to the words of the Pope and his Canon Law, leading to the 'Sola Scriptura' doctrine
  • Used The Bible, reason and tradition
  • 95 Thesis writing impacting the authority of the Church

Thesis 37:

  • “every true Christian, whether living or dead, has part in all the blessings of Christ and the Church, and this is granted him by God, even without letters of pardon”
  • Translation into German spread all over Saxony

His Books & Excommunication

Excommunication and His Books

  • Luther describes the Church as a creation of the Pope's Church different from the Church of Christ (Babylonian Captivity of the Church)

“there was no promise of grace attached to it, but is not the least mention of it in the whole New Testament” - Luther

  • Denied Catholic Traditions (e.g):
  • Communion of One kind
  • 5 out of 7 Sacraments
  • Seeking local Christian power over Churches
  • Sought in gaining German Nobel support (Address to the German Nobility)
  • Believed that "Christ is the only mediator between man and God", developing the doctrine of 'Preisthood of all believers' (Freedom of a Christian)
  • Beleived he is tied by the Word of God, saying in the Diet of Worms “Unless I am convicted by Scripture and plain reason – I do not accept the authority of popes and councils, for they have contradicted each other – my conscience is captive to the Word of God, I cannot and will not recant anything conscience is neither right nor safe.” - “Here I stand. I can do no other. God help me. Amen” (Excommunication)

Translation of the Bible

  • Sought to translate the New Testament into German
  • Translated the Bible to easily readable German spoken by Locals
  • Lutheran Quotes on the Matter:
  • “It is not possible to reproduce a foreign idiom in one’s native tongue”
  • “the proper method of translation is to select the most fitting terms according to the usage of the language adopted”
  • Did not accept 7 Books of the Greek Septuagint (Old Testament) due to translating from Hebrew Masoretic
  • Destabalised the Pope's monopoly on Biblical interpretation
  • Become the most translated book in history

Conclusion and Bibliography

  • Foord, M. (n.d.). The Real Meaning of Sola Scriptura. [online] The Gospel Coalition | Australia. Available at: https://au.thegospelcoalition.org/article/the-real-meaning-of-sola-scriptura/
  • Catholic Digest. (2019). Five Scripture verses about the Eucharist - Catholic Digest Website. [online] Available at: https://www.catholicdigest.com/faith/sacraments/201706-11five-scripture-verses-about-the-eucharist/#:~:text=For%20my%20flesh%20is%20true
  • Welle (www.dw.com), D. (n.d.). What’s changed in the new Luther Bible and how the Scorpions contributed | DW | 20.10.2016. [online] DW.COM. Available at: https://www.dw.com/en/whats-changed-in-the-new-luther-bible-and-how-the-scorpions-contributed/a-36088313
  • The Holy Bible. (1986). New York: American Bible Society.
  • ‌Thomas Martin Lindsay (1914). A History of the Reformation.
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