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1.During winter, water seeps into rock. As it freezes, it creates cracks in the rock.
2.Ice forces the cracks to become larger and larger, eroding bits of stone in the process.
3.During rainfall, water rushes down the cracks, eroding more bits of stone.
4.As more rocks crumble, the canyon forms.
Canyons usually begin because of water erosion. Rivers carve through rock and soil creating a chasm, which allows ice to fall in and freeze, making the crack larger.
Britannica
Erosion continues when more water seeps into the previously formed cavern. It freezes, enlarging the crack. It then thaws. repeat until the rock splits.
Mammoth Memory
These previous steps continue and repeat until the crack enlarges more, and forms a canyon
Eschool Today
Sources
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopedia. "canyon". Encyclopedia Britannica, 28 Mar. 2020, https://www.britannica.com/science/canyon-geology. Accessed 23 February 2022.
Stanley, Morgan. Canyons
National Geographic. 05/20/11. 02/22/22
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/canyon/#:~:text=The%20movement%20of%20rivers%2C%20the,and%20tectonic%20activity%20create%20canyons.&text=The%20most%20familiar%20type%20of,creating%20a%20deep%2C%20narrow%20channel.