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The Role Of Women In WW2
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The Role Of Women In WW2
By: Alexandra A. Escamilla
When?
What did women have to do with WW2?
What?
During WWII women worked in factories producing munitions, building ships, aeroplanes, in the auxiliary services as air-raid wardens, fire officers and evacuation officers, as drivers of fire engines, trains and trams, as conductors and as nurses.
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Where did this take place?
Where?
Women in the workforce boomed in the United States across the atlantic and Pacific, as an effort to keep the economy afloat and to supply manufacturing companies with more help because although some men still worked in factories, those factories would have never been as productive without the help of women.
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Who does this involve?
Who?
More than six million women took wartime jobs in factories, three million volunteered with the Red Cross, and over 200,000 served in the military. There was about 10,000 women that joined the WAVES, a navy program, approximately 1000 joined the WASPs, an air force program and roughly 150,000 served in the WAC, an army program. Leading the WACs, was Oveta Culp a well respected colonel. Along with her was Rosie the Riveter, Rosie first made her appearance on May 29th of 1943 as an illustration published on the cover of ¨The Saturday Evening Post¨ by J. Howard Millie. Rosie was an icon in the United States, representing all the women who worked in factories and shipyards during the war.
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When did this take place?
In December 1941, the government conscripted single women aged 20-30 as auxiliaries to the Armed Forces, Civil Defence, or war industries. Propaganda was a big help in urging women to participate in the war effort. Women’s employment increased during the Second World War from about 5.1 million in 1939 (26%) to just over 7.25 million in 1943. After the war, most women returned home, let go from their jobs. Their jobs, again, belonged to men.
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Why did this happen?
Why?
Factories needed workers because men were leaving to join the armed forces. Women solved this problem. Most women labored in the clerical and service sectors where women had worked for decades, but the wartime economy created job opportunities for women in heavy industry and wartime production plants that had traditionally belonged to men. With millions of men away from home, women filled manufacturing and agricultural positions on the home front. Others provided support on the front lines as nurses, doctors, ambulance drivers, translators and, in rare cases, on the battlefield. This is historically important because it set forth the idea that women too could do the same jobs as men. Decades later Women had proven that they could do the job and within a few decades, women in the workforce became a common sight.