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Copy of Chemical Compound Naming and Formula Writing
Transcript
White fang
To Distinguish
Ionic & Covalent Bonds
IONIC BONDS
Between metal & non-metal, and valence electrons are transferred from metal to non-metal
COVALENT BONDS
Between non-metal & non-metal Valence electrons are shared between the two non-metals
To Determine
the Oxidation Number of Stock Metals from a Chemical Formula
Determine the charge of the cation & anion
Determine what overall positive charge must be
Use Roman numerals to show the balanced formula
1
3
2
Naming
Ionic Compounds
1- Identify the cation(+) & anion (-)
3- If anion is an element, add -ide, If anion is a polyatomic ion, name is unchanged
Na2O :
Sodium
Oxide
2- Cation name remains unchanged
Naming
Stock Ionic Compounds
4- Identify which oxidation number the metal ion is using in that particular compound by including a Roman numeral after the metal's name
1- Identify the cation(+) & anion (-)
FeO :
(II)
Iron
Oxide
2- Cation name remains unchanged
3- If anion is an element, add -ide, If anion is a polyatomic ion, name is unchanged
F is +2 and there is only one, so the one O must be -2 to balance
Naming
Covalent Compounds
2- Add -ide to the end of the second element
1- Add prefixes to the element names
Prefix
Mono(normally omitted for 1st element)..............
Di........................................................................................
Tri........................................................................................
Tetra...................................................................................
Penta..................................................................................
Hexa....................................................................................
Hepta.................................................................................
Octa....................................................................................
Nona...................................................................................
Deca....................................................................................
Meaning
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
P2Cl5:
Diphosphorus
Pentachloride
2 Phosphorus
5 Chlorine
2 Phosphorus
5 Chlorine
Chemical Formulas from Names
Writing a Chemical Formula from a Name: Ionic
2 - Balance the equation using oxidation number
1- Identify the elements
Phosphorus: P
Calcium: Ca
=Ca3P2
Calcium Phosphide
+2
-3
3
2
Writing a Chemical Formula from a Name: Stock Ionic
3 - Determine the charge of the anion by balancing
2- Determine charge of cation using the roman numeral oxidation number
1- Identify the elements
Oxygen: O
Lead: Pb
=PbO2
Lead(11)Oxide
-3
+2
3
2
4 - Determine how many atoms of each are present
Writing a Chemical Formula from a Name: Covalent
1- Identify the elements
Oxygen: O
Hydrogen: H
Dihydrogen Monoxide
=H2O
Mono - 1
Di - 2
2 - Find the number of atoms of each element by referring to the prefixes
Chemical Formulas from Names
Original content by
Kristen Koppel
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