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Clara Kunz, Katharina Voß, Sophia Alff
Immigration is the process of moving of people from one people to another. These migrations are an integral part of population development.
It is parted in emigration and immigration.
1775 - 1800
-04.04.1776 Declaration of Independence & Confederation 1777
-10.01.1776 "Common sense" from Thomas Paine
National origin of white Americans according to a census of 1790 in percent:
59.7 %
10.5 %
8.9 %
5.8 %
5.3 %
4.3 %
3.1 %
2.1 %
0.3 %
England
Northern Ireland/ Ulster
Germany
Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Netherlands
France
Sweden
Immigration development:
1820 - 1860
Department of Immigration Statistics
-Events that influenced the flow:
Austro-Hungarian emigrants
19th century the United States = "land of freedom"
16,759
49,637
2,255,534
51,755
836,136
Europe
Asia
N. & S. America
Oceana
Africa
Not Specified
23,024,946
-1850 nearly a million German immigrants
reason: revolution 1848
-today about 58 million Americans call themselfs "German"
PULL
PUSH
- rising populatio pressures
- the intense poverty of Third World countries
- government repression
- US economic opportunity
- freedom
- introduction of jet aircraft
(faster and safer)
- new law changed selection of immigrants
-priority to people who had family in USA or had needed skills
- mostly "chain immigration"
President Lyndon Johnson signed Immigration and Naturalization Act (INA) on October 3, 1965
legal immigration increased to:
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
3.3 million
4.5 million
7.3 million
9 million
declined significantly to about 5 million
-the most diverse wave ever
-over 80% of immigrants coming from Latin America and Asia
countrys of origin:
others
South A./ Central A./ Caribbean
North America + Mexico
Asia
Europe
Immigration Reform and Control Act
-revitalized many of America´s cities
-ethnic and religious diversity
USA is fast becoming a "rainbow society"
2 million visitors from all four waves