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Agriculture is the practice of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising livestock. It entails preparing plant and animal products for human consumption and distributing them to markets. Agriculture produces most of the world's food and textiles. Agriculture also provides construction wood and paper products.
Since the term was coined in 1999, the internet of things (IoT) has evolved from a mere vision to a tangible reality. This can be attributed, among other things, to the widespread use of the Internet Protocol (IP), the rise of ubiquitous computing, and the continued advancement of data analytics. It is estimated that 20.4 billion devices will be connected to the Internet of Things by 2020.
In this project, the Internet of Things (IoT) was used to help with management cultivation. For example, an Android application called Blynk is used to observe soil moisture ,temperature/ humidity sensor (DHT11), PIR motion sensor and control the amount of water and from a distance. Using IoT can save time, money, and energy workers, and increase the percentage rate of crop quality and quantity.
Watering of plants is regularly a very energy/time-consuming activity to be completed in a reasonable amount of time, it requires a high number of personal support Due to the calculation of the traditional water system is not considered water saving. Since water is legally submerged in the ground, plants suffer from serious concern from a variety of soil moisture, and thus the appearance of the plant decreases. This project was carried out to solve some common problems that will be encountered when using a manual system in irrrigation.There can be a problem of plant infertility in commercial cultivation. Conventional irrigation system will procedure wasted of water and human energy. Sometime it goes to unhealthy fruit and vegetables.
The problem here is to determine the level of soil moisture since temperature vary all the time. Based on my research, suitable level for soil level is between 70-75%.Based on the problems, we try to develop the automation system by using close-loop system in order to maintain an amount of water.
The objective of the project are:
i.To develop the system by using NodeMCU and Android Blynk application.
ii.To construct the circuit by using the soil moisture sensor to determine the water
requirement in the crop soil and the DHT11 sensor to detect the ambient
temperature for fertilization purposes.
iii.To reduce the consumption of water in agriculture field and to bring a system
which is solely based on Internet of Things where all information is viewed and
controlled in fingertips.
iv.To program the irrigation system using a 5V water pump for purpose of starting
and stopping the watering process.
This project is focused on developing a prototype of automated irrigation system with sensor that detects soil moisture level of plants in a small scale in order to automate the water supply. The project are divided into several scopes. The first part is for watering system installed. To prevent the soil are too dry or overwater, a system is develope
This system will require Arduino, soil moisture sensor,temperature and humidity sensor, ESP8266 (Wifi module), and water pump. Besides that,the ESP8266 should always connect with internet connection to collect and store the soil moisture value in cloud. Furthermore, in this system additional function will be built using PIR motion sensor in order to enhance the security level in order to protect the plants from being destroyed especially at night.
There are 4 parameter that we interest to study on this project. The parameter are humidity, temperature, soil moisture and time of collecting data (clock). This project using ESP8266 where it already builded in Wi-Fi module where it is able to connect with Blynk. This project only works with internet connection where it needs to communicate.For the directive information, LCD display is used to provide the info of the plantation.
Due to time limitations, it has been decided to orient this project to accomplish two goals. First, is to develop an irrigation system that reduces water usage. The system will use the dripping method instead of sprinkling method to irrigate water as dripping helps to reduce water more compared to sprinkling. Second is to develop an application system to assist farmers and gardeners monitor their land.
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
In this circuit there is a programmed NodeMCU ESP8266 which is connected with sensors(soil moisture , temperature and humidity and motion sensor)and a built in wifi module .The working principal of the model based on storing data from the sensors with the help of ARDUINO passing it to wifi module .The wifi module gives the updates of data in a device through cloud computing. In the device the real time data comes through wifi to the channel Blynk .In the channel the conditions are displayed.There is a battery which connected with the power supply of NodeMCU ESP8266 so that the circuit start working
The picture shows a flow chart about the Automatic Irrigation system. When the system is started, the system will be started by checking the soil moisture sensor first, it is used to measure the soil moisture status of plants for irrigation purposes. If the soil condition is not moist, the irrigation system will be started to increase the soil moisture and if the soil condition is already moist, it will go to the process next to the DHT11 sensor. The DHT11 sensor measures air humidity and environmental temperature for fertilizing purposes.Besides,it will contantly monitor any movement by the help of PIR Motion sensor to avoid plants being destroyed by animals.
In this circuit there is a programmed ARDUINO which is connected with sensors(soil moisture and temperature)and a wifi module .The working principal of the model based on storing data from the sensors with the help of ARDUINO and passing it to wifi module .The wifi module gives the updates of data in a device through cloud computing. In the device the real time data comes through wifi to the channel .There is a chargeable battery which connected with the power supply of ARDUINO so that the circuit start working. There is also charging circuit with AC/DC converter for charging battery .In the case if the battery is not charged there further an adaptor which can explicitly gives power to ARDUINO circuits.
SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
-Software used in development of this final project is Arduino,specifically using NodeMCU and Android Blynk application. Blynk is an IOT platform useful for making projects connected to the Internet and accessible from a phone or mobile device.