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Legal education in the Philippines is developed and offered by Philippine law schools, supervised by the Legal Education Board.
Previously, the Commission on Higher Education supervises the legal education in the Philippines but was replaced by the Legal Education Board since 1993 after the enactment of Republic Act No. 7662 or the Legal Education Reform Act of 1993.
1734
The legal education in the Philippines was first introduced during the Spanish occupation in , the University of Santo Tomas established the Faculty of Civil Law.
1899
The Universidad Literaria de Filipinas was established by Joaquin Gonzales the said institution offered several courses including law.
1911
The University of the Philippines College of Law was established, through the vision and efforts of George Malcolm. The said law institution continues to be the one of the oldest state college of law in the country.
The ratification of the 1935 Constitution paved the way for the establishment of law programs in various private colleges and universities in Manila.
The Legal Education Board supervises all law schools and continuing legal education providers in the Philippines. The Board is headed by a Chairman who is a retired justice of a collegiate court (i.e., Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, Sandiganbayan, Court of Tax Appeals, etc.).
Regular members of the Board include a representative from each of the following:
The Mandatory Continuing Legal Education Office, established by the Supreme Court, is the official government agency tasked to implement compliance with the MCLE requirement.
The Philippine legal system is an amalgamation of the world's major systems.
These systems include Roman civil law which was inherited from Spain;
the Anglo-American common law which were derived from the laws of the United States; and
Islamic law, otherwise known as the Sharia law, of the Muslim world.
Private law and legal codes are substantially patterned after the civil law of Spain, while public law, including political law, is based on the Anglo-American legal system.
Law degree programs are considered professional/post-baccalaureate programs in the Philippines.
Legal education in the Philippines normally proceeds along the following route:
Law degrees in the Philippines may be classified into three types—professional, graduate level and honorary.
In order to be eligible to take the bar examinations, one must complete the Juris Doctor (J.D.) program, which may be either the non-thesis or thesis course. Advanced degrees are offered by some law schools, but are not requirements for admission to the practice of law in the Philippines.
Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) – The LL.B. was the most common law degree offered and conferred by Philippine law schools. It was a standard four-year law program covering all bar exam subjects. Almost all law schools followed a standard LL.B. curriculum, wherein students are exposed to the required bar subjects.
Juris Doctor (J.D.)
The J.D. degree was developed and first conferred in the Philippines by the Ateneo Law School in 1991. The J.D. program is a four-year law program. Like the standard LL.B. program, the J.D. curriculum covers the core subjects required for the bar examinations.
Juris Doctor–Master of Business Administration, (J.D.-M.B.A.),
The J.D.-M.B.A. program is a double degree program in law and management offered at the professional-graduate level.
Graduate law degrees
The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines has given the Supreme Court the sole power to admit individuals to the practice of law in the Philippines.
To be eligible to take the national bar exam, a candidate must be a Filipino citizen, at least twenty-one years of age, and holder of a bachelor's degree and a law degree obtained from a government recognized law school in the Philippines. Graduates of law schools from other countries must obtain a law degree from the Philippines to qualify for the Philippine Bar.
"R.A. No. 7662 - Legal Education Reform Act of 1993". The LawPhil Project. December 23, 1993. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
"REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7662: Legal Education Reform Act of 1993". Lawphil.net. December 23, 1993. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
October 2, 2001: MANDATORY CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION - A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE REVISED RULES ON THE CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION FOR MEMBERS OF THE INTEGRATED BAR OF THE PHILIPPINES". Supreme Court of the Philippines. August 22, 2000. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
https://leb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/LEBMEMO-Book-Final-Draft.pdf
Villanueva, Cesar L. (September 27, 2007). "Philippine Leadership Crisis and the J.D. Program". Ateneo Law School. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.