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Unit 7:
Short Fiction III
Adapted from the AP English Literature and Composition Course & Exam Description
Copyright - The College Board, 2019
CHARACTER
1
Characters in literature allow to study and explore a range of values, beliefs, assumptions, biases, and cultural norms represented by those characters.
Unit 7 wants readers to explore the character and how he/she is affected by physical and social surroundings but also how those surroundings affect the character.
CHARACTER
Function of Character Change
Function of a changing or unchanging character
- Often the change in a character emerges directly from a conflict of values represented in the narrative.
- Changes in a character’s circumstances may lead to changes in that character.
- While characters can change gradually over the course of a narrative, they can also change suddenly as the result of a moment of realization, known as an epiphany. An epiphany allows a character to see things in a new light and is often directly related to a central conflict of the narrative.
- An epiphany may affect the plot by causing a character to act on his or her sudden realization.
Nuances and Complexity in Characters' Relationships
- A group or force can function as a character.
- When readers consider a character, they should examine how that character interacts with other characters, groups, or forces and what those interactions may indicate about the character.
- The relationship between a character and a group, including the inclusion or exclusion of that character, reveals the collective attitude of the group toward that character and possibly the character’s attitude toward the group.
Nuances and Complexities in Character Relationships
SETTING
2
Setting and the details associated with it not only depict a time and place, but also convey values associated with that setting.
Unit 7 places emphasis on the setting and its affects on the narration as a whole. When analyzing the setting, consider the environment the author created and how each detail is necessary (significant) for the outcome of the narrative.
SETTING
Function of Setting
- When a setting changes, it may suggest other movements, changes, or shifts in the narrative.
- Settings may be contrasted in order to establish a conflict of values or ideas associated with those settings.
Function of setting in a narrative
Relationship between Character and Setting
- The way characters interact with their surroundings provides insights about those characters and the setting(s) they inhabit.
- The way characters behave in or describe their surroundings reveals an attitude about those surroundings and contributes to the development of those characters and readers’ interpretations of them.
Relationship between character and setting
STRUCTURE
3
The arrangement of the parts and sections of a text, the relationship of the parts to each other, and the
sequence in which the text reveals information are all structural choices made by a writer that contribute to the reader’s interpretation of a text.
Unit 7 looks at the pacing of events and how it affects the reading of the narrative.
STRUCTURE
Plot Orders the Events in a Narrative
- Pacing is the manipulation of time in a text. Several factors contribute to the pace of a narrative, including arrangement of details, frequency of events, narrative structures, syntax, the tempo or speed at which events occur, or shifts in tense and chronology in the narrative.
Plot orders the events of a narrative
Function of Sequence of Events in Plot
- Narrative pacing may evoke an emotional reaction in readers by the order in which information is revealed; the relationships between the information, when it is provided, and other parts of the narrative; and the significance of the revealed information to other parts of the narrative
Function of a sequence of events
NARRATOR
4
A narrator’s or speaker’s perspective controls the details and emphases that affect how readers experience and interpret a text.
Unit 7 wants readers to be skeptical of the narrator and consider why the author chose him/her, what information is included or excluded because of the narrator, and how that affects the reading of the narrative.
NARRATOR
Narrator's Reliability Affects a Narrative
- Some narrators or speakers may provide details and information that others do not or cannot provide. Multiple narrators or speakers may provide contradictory information in a text.
Narrator's reliability
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
5
Some narrators or speakers may provide details and information that others do not or cannot provide. Multiple narrators or speakers may provide contradictory information in a text.
Unit 7 considers how those details are given to the reader. Inferences into the purpose of the figurative language can reveal deeper meaning in a text.
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
Function of Symbol
- A setting may become symbolic when it is, or comes to be, associated with abstractions such as emotions, ideologies, and beliefs.
- Over time, some settings have developed certain associations such that they almost universally symbolize particular concepts.
Function of symbol
Function of Image/Imagery
- A motif is a unified pattern of recurring objects or images used to emphasize a significant idea in large parts of or throughout a text.
Function of
image/imagery
Function of Simile
- The function of a simile relies on the selection of the objects being compared as well as the traits of the objects.
Function of simile
Function of Personification
- By assigning the qualities of a nonhuman object, entity, or idea to a person or character, the narrator, character, or speaker communicates an attitude about that person or character.
Function of
personification
6
NOTES
Notes
- Characters can have a symbiotic relationship with their surrounding which can influence a readers interpretation of narrative.
- Setting includes values and ideas of a particular place/time, and the choices an author makes about the setting can have complex affects on the characters and their relationships.
- Structure and pacing of the a narrative affects the order of events in a narrative and how the reader receives the information.
- Narrators should be questioned as far as what information is being revealed and why.
- Figurative language allows the author to reveal information to his/her readers that can influence the interpretation of a text and provide deeper meaning.