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Migration in Indonesia

By Lily McLeod & Sophia Mitchell

Orientation

Title

Map

Map of Indonesia

Border

Legend

Scale

Quick Stats - Indonesia

Capital City: Jakarta

Land Area: 1,811, 569 km2

Water area: 93,000 km2

Currency: Rupiah

Language: Indonesian

Population: 248,216,193

Quick Stats

Where is Indonesia located?

Where is Indonesia Located?

Indonesia

Net migration: -1.1 migrant(s) / 1000 people

Migration

Where are migrants from Indonesia going?

1. Malaysia

2. Singapore

3. Thailand

4. Saudi Arabia

5. Australia

Labour migration

  • 700,000 documented Indonesian migrant workers go overseas each year

  • 4.5 million Indonesians work abroad

  • Indonesian migrant workers travel overseas each year to find better employment opportunities

Labour migration

Push/Pull factors

What are push + pull factors?

Push factors

Push factors are factors that encourage a population to leave its home. A person moves because of distress. Migration is triggered by the promise of an easier and more enjoyable life elsewhere.

Pull factors

Pull factors refer to the factors which attract people outside of the location and pulls them to move to a certain area.

Urbanisation

Urbanisation is the movement of people from RURAL areas to URBAN areas. Urbanisation is caused by push and pull factors.

Push factors

Push factors

Poor living conditions

- Crowded living space

- Limited access to basic services such as clean water, sanitation, el

- Civil unrest

- Dangers of natural disasters

1. Overpopulation in central cities

2. Dangers of natural disasters

3. Low rates of employment in rural areas

Pull factors

1. Lower cost of living

2. Key staging point for refugees

3. More opportunities - employment, education etc.

Pull factors

SHEEP impacts

SHEEP Impacts of Migration in Indonesia

S ocial

H istorical

E nvironmental

E conomical

P olitical

Banda Aceh Tsunami and Earthquake

Environmental

  • 2004 Boxing Day (26 Dec) Tsunami
  • Multitude of 9.1 - 9.3 - Devastating effects
  • One of the deadliest natural disasters in history
  • Over 230,000 deaths in 14 countries
  • Asian migrants - from Thailand, Sri Lanka, India and Indonesia organized aid to nearby and effected countries
  • Tourism rates declined rapidly
  • Citizens and migrants fled to nearby countries

Migration effects on the economy

Economical

  • International labor migration has contributed to the growth of the Indonesian economy.

  • Rapid economic growth in Indonesia has not been able to improve living conditions of the population

  • Labor migrants contribute to the increasing foreign exchange

Media article:

Problem:

  • Aswatini Raharto’s “Migration and Integration in the Asia-Pacific Region, 2007" for labour in low-skilled economies such as Indonesia are expected to fall

Solution:

  • Stricter migration regulations and rules

  • Improve the education system

Media article

Bibliography

ABC News. (2018). Boxing Day tsunami: How the disaster unfolded 10 years ago. [online] Available at: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-24/boxing-day-tsunami-how-the-disaster-unfolded/5977568 [Accessed 19 May 2018].

Australian Geographic. (2018). On this day in history: 2004 Boxing Day tsunami. [online] Available at: http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/blogs/on-this-day/2014/12/on-this-day-in-history-boxing-day-tsunami [Accessed 19 May 2018].

Investments, I. (2018). Natural Disasters in Indonesia - Tsunami, Earthquakes & Volcanoes Indonesia Investments. [online] Indonesia-investments.com. Available at: https://www.indonesia-investments.com/business/risks/natural-disasters/item243 [Accessed 19 May 2018].

Jakarta. (2018). Push and Pull Factors. [online] Available at: https://666jakarta420blazit.wordpress.com/2014/11/15/push-and-pull-factors/ [Accessed 6 May 2018].

Jakarta. (2018). Push & Pull Factors. [online] Available at: https://alikibridephoebeellajakarta.weebly.com/push--pull-factors.html [Accessed 6 May 2018].

Planet, L. (2018). Map of Indonesia. [online] Lonelyplanet.com. Available at: https://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/asia/indonesia/ [Accessed 6 May 2018].

Safetravel.govt.nz. (2018). Indonesia SafeTravel. [online] Available at: https://www.safetravel.govt.nz/indonesia [Accessed 19 May 2018].

Travel.state.gov. (2018). Papua New Guinea Travel Advisory. [online] Available at: https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories/papua-new-guinea-travel-advisory.html [Accessed 16 May 2018].

Urbanisationjakarta.wikispaces.com. (2018). UrbanisationJakarta - Causes and Patterns of Urbanisation in Jakarta. [online] Available at: https://urbanisationjakarta.wikispaces.com/Causes+and+Patterns+of+Urbanisation+in+Jakarta [Accessed 19 May 2018].

Yao, J. (2018). Rural Urban Migration in jakarta. [online] Issuu. Available at: https://issuu.com/enjoeyourlife/docs/rural_urban_migration [Accessed 6 May 2018].

Elizabeth Collett Frank Laczko, E. (2018). Assessing the Tsunami's Effects on Migration. [online] migrationpolicy.org. Available at: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/assessing-tsunamis-effects-migration [Accessed 20 May 2018].

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