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2.1 African Explorers in America
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2.1 African Explorers in America
Learning Objective 1: Explain the significance of the roles ladinos played as the first Africans to arrive in territory that became the United States
Learning Objective 2: Describe the diverse roles Africans played during colonization of the Americas in the 16th century.
LO2 EK3
Estavancio (Estaban)
Unit 2 Intro
Intro
Open the letters on your desk. Read to intro to Unit 2 and the message from me.
Write something back and put the letter back in the envelope.
You can write what you have enjoyed so far, what you look forward to, what you don't look forward to, or something you would improve about the class.
LO1: Explain the significance of the roles ladinos played as the first Africans to arrive in territory that became the United States
LO1
Ladinos
Essential Knowledge 3:
Ladinos were essential to the efforts of Europeans claiming Indigenous lands. Black participation in America's colonization resulted from Spain's early role in the slave trade and the presence of enslaved and free Africans in the parties of Spanish explorers who laid claim to "La Florida"- (FL, SC, and GA)
Essential Knowledge 2:
Ladinos were part of a generation known as Atlantic creoles. Atlantic creoles were Africans who worked as intermediaries before the predominance of chattel slavery. Theri familiarity with multiple languages, cultural norms, and commercial practices grated them a measure of social mobility.
Essential Knowledge 1:
In the early 16th century, some free and enslaved Africans familiar with Iberian culture journeyeed with Europeans in their earliest explorations of the Americans; among them were the first Africans in territory that became the United States. These were known as ladinos.
Learning Objective 2: EK1: In the 15th and 16th centuries, Africans in the Americas played three major roles:
LO2 EK1
Roles
Skilled Workers/Artisans
Conquistadores
Enslaved Labor
Learning Objective 1: EK2: Juan Garrido...
LO2 EK2
Juan Garrido (Handsome John)
Video Comprehension Questions:
1. What is the most important lesson from the video?
a. The first Africans to arrive in the United States were slaves.
b. Juan Garrido was the first African to set foot in the United States.
c. Garrido settled in Mexico and worked at a gold mining operation.
d. Garrido profited from local slave labor.
2. Which expedition did Juan Garrido participate in?
a. Ponce de Leon's expedition in Florida in search of the Fountain of Youth.
b. The first expedition to Jamestown.
c. A gold mining expedition in Mexico.
d. None of the above.
3. What does the video suggest about the space people of African descent could occupy in the early United States?
a.There were no spaces for people of African descent.
b. The only space available was as slaves.
c. There were spaces where people of African descent could be free.
d. The video does not mention anything about spaces for people of African descent.
Questions
Juan Garrido on a Spanish expedition, 16th century
Primary Source 1
Juan Garrido's Petition, 1538
I, Juan Garrido, black resident of this city [Mexico City], appear before Your Mercy and
state that I am in need of making a probanza to the perpetuity of the king, a report on
how I served Your Majesty in the conquest and pacification of this New Spain, from the
time when the Marqués del Valle [Cortés] entered it; and in his company I was present
at all the invasions and conquests and pacifications which were carried out, always with
the said Marqués, all of which I did at my own expense without being given either salary
or allotment of natives or anything else. As I am married and a resident of this city,
where I have always lived; and also as I went with the Marqués del Valle to discover the
islands which are in that part of the southern sea [the Pacific] where there was much
hunger and privation; and also as I went to discover and pacify the islands of San Juan
de Buriquén de Puerto Rico; and also as I went on the pacification and conquest of the
island of Cuba with the adelantado Diego Velázquez; in all these ways for thirty years
have I served and continue to serve Your Majesty - for these reasons stated above do I
petition Your Mercy. And also because I was the first to have the inspiration to sow
maize [corn] here in New Spain and to see if it took; I did this and experimented at my
own expense.
Primary source 2
Yours Truly,
Him
Learning Objective 2: EK 3: Estevancio (also called Esteban)
He was an enslaved African healer from Morocco, that was forced to work in 1528 as an explorer and translator in Texas and in territory that became the southwesern United States, He was eventually killed by Indigenous groups that were resisting Spanish colonialism.
Words to know 2.1
Words to know
Ladinos: the term referred in general to the Blacks who were familiar in general with the religion, cultures, and languages of Castile or Portugal (either because of having been born and raised in those territories or due to long contact with or exposure to these cultures).
Iberia: the ancient name for the Iberian peninsula (spain & portugal)
Chattel slavery: a form of human enslavement in which the slave is completely owned by another person