Wind
Water logging
Dust (erosion)
Predators
Main advantages
Oasis
Better access for maintenance
Better wind reflection
Use of more delicate species
More edges
Stage 1
Step 5
Stage 2
Step 4
Step 1
Stage 3
Step 3
Step 2
Stage 4
Characteristics
Needs
Products
A system is most resilient when it fulfills as many functions as possible.
Bill Mollison
Permaculture
Erosion
Windbreak
N sequestration
Carbon sequestration
Shade
Feed
Hydrology
Geomorphology
Elevation
Human land use
Soil type
Flora & fauna
Characteristics
Abiotic preferences
Climate zone
Shade tolerance
Moisture
Soil preference
pH tolerance
Deciduous
Evergreen
Annual/perennial
Shape
Feeding value
Flowering period
Toxicity for chickens
Energy planning
Sector planning
Wind direction
Natural energy sources
Roaming distance
20-50 m for chickens
Japanese silverberry
Triangular shape
Edges
Common linden
Pioneer species
Plant stacking
White willow
Grey alder
European beech
Shelter
Fast-growing shrubs
Windbreak
Wind-resistant species
Siberian peashrub
Soil improvement
N- fixation and tough roots
Scotch broom
Elder
Minimise negative abiotic influences
Feed
Protection from predators, wind and sun
Common Hazel
Withstand trampling
Juneberry
Wild pansy
Chamomile
Chicken health benefits
Pollinators
Wormwood
"Islands" of herbs
Elephant grass
Oregano
Decreased external feed cost
Ecosystem services
Not at high chicken density
400€-970€/year/feed wall
(1460 m2)
Reduced mortality
Chicken welfare
Increased egg quality
Difficult economic valuation
Uncertainty in agroforestry
Professional maintenance
Knowledge of farmer?
Pruning cost
1850€/feed wall
(of which 360€/tools)
And now: combining knowledge and practice
Daniël Kollen
MSc Forest and
Nature Conservation
Thijs Hendrikse
MSc Animal Sciences
Sietse Hartman
MSc Organic Agriculture
Cecilia Revol
MSc Organic Agriculture
Iris Janssens
MSc Organic Agriculture
Murielle Fuchs
MSc Organic Agriculture