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Immune System
3
Innate
The Immune System
Three Lines of Defence
The immune system you're born with that lasts for a lifetime
Acquired
The immunity you develope through your lifetime
Body parts involved:
- skin
- tears
- mucus
- cilia
- stomach acid
- urine flow
First Line of Defence
First Line of Defence
The purpose of the first line of defence is to prevent pathogens from entering the body. It includes both physical and chemical barriers.
Tears, mucus, and saliva contain an enzyme that can break down the cell wall of bacterias
Pathogens: objects/organisms that make you sick
Fever:
Body heats up in attempt to kill pathogens
Second Line of Defence
Second Line of Defence
The purpose of the second line of defence is to attack pathogens that make it into the body in a non-specific way.
Made of a group of cells, tissues, and organs
Phagocytes: a type of cell that can engulf pathogens
- Different T-cells have different jobs
- T-cells can usually eliminate a bacterial infection days after activation
- Memory B-cells
Third Line of Defence
The purpose of the third line of defence is to attack pathogens in a specific way, involving antibodies and lymphocytes
Third Line of Defence
Antibodies: Y-shaped, each bond to a specific antigen
Antigen: Any substances that causes the immune system to produce antibodies against it
Lymphocytes: A type of white blood cell that helps the body fight against diseases, includes B-cells and T-cells.
- Unknown foreign infections can also be defended