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Pollution of the Gulf War
www.your-website.com
Arabian gulf
2019
Here's a place for the first part of your presentation. And to the right, there are subsections for more specific detail.
Oil Pollution in the Arabian Gulf
The Arabian Gulf is one of the small and narrow seas
Through it, large quantities of oil, petroleum products and gas are transported.
pollution Marine pollution is defined as any quantitative or qualitative change in the components of the sea, that is, in the chemical, physical or biological properties of the elements of the marine environment.
Pollution is harmful to human life, livestock and agriculture or the ability of ecosystems to produce.
Sources of oil pollution in the Gulf
Sources of oil pollution in the Gulf:
The causes of pollution can be classified into intentional and unintentional accidents.
Unintentional pollution: Includes tanker accidents and oil pipeline explosions. For example:
The accident of the Greek oil tanker Potiana near Dubai
The explosion of one of the Saudi offshore oil fields in November 1981, which led to the flow of about 80 thousand barrels and formed an oil slick with a length of 95 km and reached the shores of Qatar and Bahrain.
Intentional Pollution: Includes oil accidents as a result of wars, such as the spill of oil from the Ahmadi fields as a result of the 1991 Gulf War.
Here's a place for the third part of your presentation. And to the right, there are subsections for more specific detail.
oil emulsion:
forming a thin insulating layer between water and air, preventing the gas exchange between air and water, preventing the dissolution of oxygen in sea water, which affects the gas balance and also prevents the arrival of light to aquatic organisms, hinders photosynthesis.
Falling to the sea floor
A - Mixing large quantities of suspended substances and other oil emulsion floating in the coastal waters and this leads to a further increase in its density, which leads to its fall to the sea floor Larvae and eggs are destroyed, leading to the destruction of marine life either by starvation or poisoning.
B - some marine animals take oil and re-secretion without change in the composition in the form of easy to fall to the seabed (with feces) and mixed with bottom sediments.
Asphalt balls:
oily emulsions are formed on the seabed by currents and waves and mixed with large grains of sand and small stones in addition to some shells and then move in the form of asphalt balls that spoil the beauty of sandy beaches and damage the sea shells and
coral reefs affecting tourism in that region.
Natural pollution:
Here's a place for the second part of your presentation. And to the right, there are subsections for more specific detail.
Produced due to the natural leakage of oil from wells in gulf water and coastal.
Such as:
The air droplets and spray are:
Oily air droplets are formed by the impact of winds and beach waves and are laden with oil.The partial diffusion in the atmosphere significantly reduces the amount of floating oil and the pollution is transmitted to the ground by wind, causing severe damage to coastal life .
Pollution from negligence
Subtopic 1
Pollution occurs as a result of errors during drilling for oil extraction or production, transportation, storage and even disposal of used products.
Here's a place for the fourth part of your presentation. And to the right, there are subsections for more specific detail.
The impact of oil pollution on the marine organisms
sedimentation on the shore
When floating oil spots reach the shore their behavior varies depending on:
the quality of the shore (winds , waves , temperature)
the nature of the oil ( light pollution , low density , newly spilled oil )
Light pollution : When the Pollution is light and temperatures are high Most oil is carried by successive waves to the maximum position the shore reaches
low-density oil or newly spilled : When contamination is caused by low-density oil or newly spilled oil
The oil permeates cracks between rocks or dry sand layers and may reach depths of up to half a meter to Meters and does not permeate wet sand easily, but the wave hurls layers of sand over the layers of oil on the shore and creating successive layers of oil and sand.
Subtopic 2
Oil decomposition:
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• The decomposition of the oil leads to the removal of hydrocarbons from the sea, mainly in very long periods
• The main properties which affect the fate of spilled oil at sea are:
• specific gravity (its density relative to pure water)
• distillation characteristics (its volatility)
• viscosity (its resistance to flow)
• pour point (the temperature below which it will not flow).
some ways of the Oil decomposition :
Title
• A - automatic oxidation: and assisted by weather conditions, especially temperature, • Oils react chemically with oxygen either breaking down into soluble products or forming persistent compounds called tars. This process is promoted by sunlight but is very slow and even in strong sunlight, oil breaks down at no more than 0.1% per day.
• B- jellyfish : jellyfish produce mucus, especially when stressed, which can interact with oil and break it down.
• C - microbial decomposition(Oil-eating bacteria): is done by different types of bacteria that feed on hydrocarbons • As a result, the oil is broken down into small droplets .
• Oil pollution incidents in the Arabian Gulf lead to a significant decrease in the quality of the organisms produced by the Gulf Contribute significantly to human nutrition
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Title
Subtopic 1
Impact of Pollution on Mollusks
Mollusks, such as oysters, suffer from massive mortality when oil spills occur and reach the coast region.
sedimentation on the shore
When floating oil spots reach the shore their behavior varies depending on:
the quality of the shore (winds , waves , temperature)
the nature of the oil ( light pollution , low density , newly spilled oil )
Light pollution : When the Pollution is light and temperatures are high Most oil is carried by successive waves to the maximum position the shore reaches
low-density oil or newly spilled : When contamination is caused by low-density oil or newly spilled oil
The oil permeates cracks between rocks or dry sand layers and may reach depths of up to half a meter to Meters and does not permeate wet sand easily, but the wave hurls layers of sand over the layers of oil on the shore and creating successive layers of oil and sand.
Impact on birds
Oil pollution kills birds that depend on marine organisms such as larvae.
Subtopic 2
Impact on larvae and micro-organism
Oil droplets affect the marine wealth in the short or long term, especially as they kill larvae that are fed by fish and micro-marine organisms
Subtopic 2
Impact on fish and aquatic organisms
- Fish and aquaculture thrive when the pH value is between 6.5 and 8.4