Curriculum, Syllabus, & Lesson Plan

Why do we need a lesson plan???

Discussion

goal

Goal merupakan tujuan utama yang ingin dicapai dalam proses pembelajaran secara umum. Dalam kurikulum 2013, goal dinyatakan dalam kompetensi inti. Goal dapat tersurat maupun tersirat dalam sebuah lesson plan.

Objectives / tujuan pembelajaran

Tujuan pembelajaran harus jelas dan dapat diukur. Tujuan pembelajaran adalah kompetensi yang diharapkan mampu dimiliki oleh peserta didik setelah melalui proses pembelajaran.

Learning Objectives

Terminal Obj

Enabling Obj

Materials & equipments

Material & equipments adalah media atau peralatan yang digunakan untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran. Materials & equipment dapat berupa audio, video, peralatan, buku, perlengkapan, dll.

procedures

Tahap atau langkah-langkah yang mencakup seluruh proses kegiatan pembelajaran. Prosedur biasanya dibagi menjadi 3 bagian, yaitu; warm-up activity, main activity, & closure.

Assessment

Assessment merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Untuk mengetahui apakah peserta didik mampu mencapai tujuan pembelajaran atau tidak, kita perlu melakukan assessment.

Extra-class work

Tugas tambahan yang diberikan kepada siswa untuk membantu tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran yang ingin di capai.

1. How to begin planning

• Be familiar with the curriculum
• Draw a big picture about the goal of instruction as stated in the curriculum
• With the goals, draft out one or two terminal objectives
• Plan activities you want to apply in your instruction
• Carefully plan step-by-step procedures of your instruction
• If it is needed, provide a script for each step.

2. Variety, Sequencing, Pacing, and Timing

• Variety: A good instruction has to consist of varieties of activities or techniques to keep the lesson lively and insteresting
• Sequencing: The activities or techniques has to be arrange wisely, normally from easy to challenging.
• Pacing: The activity should be not too long or too short, and the activitiy transition has to be smooth.
• Timing: Set the time for each activities and step wisely. Make sure those fit the time allocation. If your LP ends early, have a backup activity, but if your LP isn't completed as planned, be ready to gracefully end the class on time and on the next meetin pick up where you left of.

3. Contigency panning

Sometimes we are off tracks from the lesson plan. Remember, a plan is just a plan, not certainty. We may have to deal with varieties of interruptions and anticipated events.

4. Gauging difficulty

Some activities may be quite difficult compared to the other activities, thus teacher may need to give some more explanations or samples before letting the students work on them. Teacher also needs to consider the heteroginity of the classroom in deciding the difficulty level of particular activities.

5. Individual differences

• design techniques that have a rang of easy to difficult aspects or items.
• solicit responses to easier items for students below the norm and harder items for students above the norm
• try to design techniques involving all students actively
• select member of small group works wisely; either heteregeneous or homogeneous
• use small group or pair-work time to circulate and give extra attention to those below or above the norm.

6. Student Talk & teacher talk

Give careful consideration in your lesson plan to the balance between teacher talk and student talk. Give students more time to talk, produce the language, and initiate their topics and ideas.

7. Adapting to an established curriculum

Our lesson plan has to meet the goal that a curriculum is design to pursue. DO NOT PLAN A LESSON BEYOND THE CURRICULUM.

8. CLASSROOM LESSON NOTES

Notes and scripts will be very helpful for inexperienced teachers or new teachers to cope with each teaching step. However, following all these scripts strictly will never free yourself for spontaneity. So, teacher may just need to prepare a brief note for each step of what teacher should do on that stage.

langkah-langkah penyusunan rrp k-13