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Brain Project

Julia Donovan

Parts of the Brainstem

Brainstem

Midbrain

Functions:

  • Regulates eye movement
  • Visual processing
  • Auditory processing

Midbrain

Pons

Pons

Functions:

  • Regulates breathing
  • Relays information between both hemispheres of the brain
  • Controls dreams

Medulla

Medulla

Functions:

  • Helps regulate breathing
  • Controls heartbeat
  • Responsible for blood pressure

Inner Brain & Spinal Cord

Inner Brain & Spinal Cord

Cerebral Cortex

Functions:

  • responsible for decision making
  • associated with memory

Cerebral Cortex

Corpus Callosum

Functions:

  • connects the two hemispheres of the brain
  • ensures both sides of brain can communicate and send signals

Corpus Callosum

Thalamus

Thalamus

Functions:

  • relays sensory and motor signals
  • plays a part in consciousness and alertness

Hippocampus

Functions:

  • responsible for long term memory
  • plays a role in auditory memory

Hippocampus

Amygdala

Functions:

  • linked to emotions of fear and anger
  • activation of fear-related behaviors in response to threats

Amygdala

Pituitary Gland

Functions:

  • secretion of hormones
  • controls metabolism and growth

Pituitary Gland

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Functions:

  • in charge of acts such as eating, drinking, and body temperature
  • plays a role in controling emotions

Spinal Cord

Functions:

  • sends signals from your brain to your body
  • responsible for feeling sensations and moving body

Spinal Cord

Outer Brain

Outer Brain

Frontal Lobe

Functions:

  • responsible for voluntary movement
  • responsible for problem solving and planning

Frontal

Lobe

Motor Strip

Motor Strip

Functions:

  • controls muscle movement
  • in left hemisphere, it controls the left side of the body and on the right hemisphere, it controls the right side of the body

Sensory Strip

Sensory Strip

Functions:

  • recieves information from skin surface and sense organs
  • responsible for feeling touch, pain, and temperature

Parietal Lobe

Functions:

  • vital for sensory perception
  • it manages taste, hearing, sight, touch, and smell

Parietal Lobe

Occipital Lobe

Functions:

  • responsible for visual perception
  • responsible for distance and depth perception

Occipital Lobe

Cerebellum

Cerebellum

Functions:

  • responsible for maintaining balance
  • controls voluntary movement such as walking, posture, balance, and coordination

Temporal Lobe

Functions:

  • processes auditory information
  • plays a part in processing emotions and language

Temporal Lobe

Prefrontal Cortex

Prefrontal Cortex

Functions:

  • plays a role in short-term memory
  • responsible for personality expression, morality, decision making, and empathy

Broca's Area

Functions:

  • helps in producing coherant speech
  • produces language

Broca's Area

Wernicke's Area

Functions:

  • language comprehension and processing
  • understanding of spoken and written english

Wernicke's Area

Neuron

Neuron

An action potential occurs when a neuron sends information down an axon away from the body. In response to a signal, the soma end of the axon becomes depolarized. The depolarization spreads through the axon and the first part of the neuron repolarizes. Once the NA+ channels are inactivated and K+ channels are open, the membrane cannot depolarize again. Then the action potential continues to travel down the axon.

Neurotransmitters

Functions:

How it impacts my life:

Neurotransmitters:

Acetylcholine

Enables muscle action, learning, and memory.

Whenever I eat eggs for breakfast, which are high in choline, my body produces acetylcholine.

Dopamine

Influences movement, attention, emotion, and satisfaction

When I eat icecream, it releases dopamine because my brain intreprets it as pleasure.

Neurotransmitter Chart

Mood regulatino, hunger, sleep, and arousal

Serotonin

During the summer when I lay out in the sun, my body releases serotonin.

When I watch a scary movie and get scared, my body releases norepinephrine. My fight or flight response is triggered.

Norepinephrine

Helps control alertness and arousal

Endorphins

Enable us to handle pain and emotion

Whenever I go for a jog, my body releases endorphins.