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The Roaring Twenties 1920- 1929

Which decade is known for these things and the music?

War

Art

Feminism

Change

Things that marked this decade

Entertainment

Bankruptcy

Craziness

Prehistorical events

What happened before the 1920's ?

First World War

- 1914 -1918

- about 20 millions had died

- ended in victory, peace and prosperity had returned

USA entered in 1917

Great Influenza (Spanish Flu)

Great Influenza

1918- 1920

  • 17 million to 50 million died
  • one of the deadliest pandemics in human history

Why is it called "Roaring Twenties"

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted

  • suffering and sadness have been replaced by euphoria of living

  • time of extreme and often excessive celebration and advancement

  • term "roaring" speaks to the loud, exciting and exuberant events of the era

Why is it called "Roaring Twenties" ?

changes

prohibition

(forbidden to manufacture, transport and sell alcohol)

society

The positive impact until the turning point:

  • Economic growth
  • Development of a consumer society
  • Increased employment
  • Greater independence and opportunities for middle class women
  • Development of popular entertainment
  • Social change

economic growth and the upcoming consumer society growthInnovations

  • majority of people lived in urban areas
  • drank, danced and partied; consumed ->“consumer society”
  • "melting pot"

  • freedoms were expanded while others were curtailed

  • marked by social tension & inequalities
  • conservative sections: uncomfortable with new, urban, sometimes racy “mass culture"

  • main reasons for economical growth:
  • technological progress -> mass production of goods
  • the electrification of USA -> crucial in the economic boom
  • new mass marketing techniques
  • catalog shopping; big advertising industry
  • availability of cheap credit
  • increased employment -> more consumers
  • Introduced on 16 January 1918 (Eighteenth Amendment)
  • aim: to stop the trade in alcohol

  • reasons:
  • Pressure from temperance groups and religious groups
  • Attitude of industrialists
  • Patriotism
  • Anti-immigrant feelings

  • The impact of Prohibition:
  • unpopular and widely ignored
  • illegal drinking places -> speakeasies
  • increase in violence and organized crime
  • reduced respect for the law because of f.ex. corruption
  • Alcohol-related deaths increased
  • split the Society ->“dries” and “wets”

  • ended in 1933 (21st Amendment)

Changes

Women in the 1920

social conflicts

  • able to live independently, gained some unprecedented freedoms
  • changed sexual habits, acceptable to drive cars and take part in energetic sports, etc.
  • right to vote
  • worked in a wider range of jobs
  • upcoming term "flapper"

  • immigration, urban growth, and social tensions
  • Organized crime boomed
  • many poor and disadvantaged people were left behind
  • agriculture sector was facing a severe downturn
  • changes -> anxiety and insecurities
  • Ku Klux Klan massive boost in membership levels
  • divide between rich and poor; wets and dries; conservatives and forward-thinking people

New entertainment

  • people wanted to try out new things to escape from the memories of World War One

  • Cinema and Hollywood: attraction of the time
  • revolutionary works of art
  • Art Deco movement
  • new genres of literature
  • new music and dance styles

new music and dance styles

  • Jazz and other new genres
  • also called "The Jazz Age"

new dance and music styles

  • Charleston, Lindy Hop, Swing, etc.

The Wall Street Crash 1929

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted

Turning Point

  • On Black Tuesday, 29 October
  • 16 million shares were sold on the Stock Market in Wall Street
  • US economy collapsed completely

Long term reasons

short term reasons

Impact

  • Great depression
  • Big businesses and banking collapsed
  • Loss of confidence in businesses
  • Massive unemployment
  • Homelessness
  • Low wages and long hours for the employed
  • Distress for farmers
  • financial crisis

Sources:

Sources

  • https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/collections-and-research/guides-and-indexes/galleries/spanish-flu-1919
  • https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-1920s-in-Britain/
  • https://stacker.com/stories/3972/what-life-was-roaring-twenties
  • https://www.reference.com/history/called-roaring-twenties-caddb37af91333ed
  • https://ushistoryrights.weebly.com/roaring-twenties.html
  • https://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/roaring-twenties-history#section_6
  • https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zcbtk2p/revision/1
  • https://ap.gilderlehrman.org/essays/roaring-twenties
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L6jTMacxzkI
  • https://musicrising.tulane.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/383/2018/10/traditional-jazz.jpg
  • https://roaringtwentieshistoryproject.weebly.com/gangsters-and-prohibition.html
  • https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxhpb82/revision/1
  • https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ushistory/chapter/the-roaring-twenties/#:~:text=The%20Roaring%20Twenties%201%20The%20Roaring%20Twenties.%20The,after%20Suffrage.%20...%205%20The%20Lost%20Generation.%20
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