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Monotheistic religion that emerged during the Persian Empire and promoted morality and the struggle of good versus evil.
Religion emerging from Southwest Asia (Middle East) in the 1st century ce,
holding Jesus to be the son of God who sacrificed himself on behalf of
mankind. It is a monotheistic extension of Judaism.
A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms. It is
the world’s oldest religion
A major book in Hinduism that explains the Hindu idea of the divine force informing the whole universe.
A Hindu god considered the creator of the world.
Conquered the Persian empire and advanced its borders to India.He combined Greek and Persian culture and influence.
Greek philosopher who taught that knowledge was based upon observation of phenomena in the material world. He was also a mentor of Alexander the Great
Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical discussion to ethics and human behavior. He influenced Plato as well as developed the Socratic method.
Roman General responsible for the conquest of Gaul (modern day France); he returned with his army to Rome and overthrew the Republic. He was assassinated in 44 bce by conservative Senators
Empire that emerged in Southwest Asia (Middle East) during the Classical era, established by Cyrus the Great. It covered most of the ancient world (spanning 3 continents- Asia, Europe, and Africa), and was made up of the Achaemenids, Parthians, and Sassanids.
The period from 507 to 31bce, during which Rome was largely governed
by the aristocratic Roman Senate; citizens voted representatives into
power.
An empire established by Augustus Caesar (Octavian) in 27bce; At its peak it included lands in Europe, Africa, and Asia.
Classical civilization in India; unified South Asia under one government and expanded their territory under the rule of Chandragupta Maurya.
Indian Empire that ruled through a central government. Considered the “Golden Age of India” due to advancements in education, healthcare, trade, and numbers.
A highway reorganized and rebuilt by the Persian king Darius the Great. He built the road to facilitate rapid communication throughout his exceptionally large empire.
Powerful city-state in Greece that was a leader in the arts, sciences, philosophy, democracy, and architecture.
Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, and discouraged the arts.
Civilization of independent city-states along the Mediterranean Sea who were known for maritime trade and commerce due to their efforts in shipbuilding. Inventors of the 1st alphabet.
A roadside Inn along frequently traveled trade routes (Silk Road, Royal Road) with a large courtyard that provided accommodations for trade caravans. It allowed travelers to rest and recover as well as commerce and information to flow amongst merchants from Europe, Africa, and Asia.
The first Vedas scripture; it lays out the principles for thought and
development in India.
The governor of a province in the Persian Empire, often a relative of the king. He was responsible for protection of the province and for forwarding
tribute (taxes) to the central government.
Meaning “Roman Peace”; was a sense of stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought to the lands of the Roman empire in the 1-2 centuries. It allowed people and traded goods to move safely along Roman roads
and seas, which facilitated the spread of culture and ideas.
Ordinary Roman citizens
The wealthy class in Roman society; landowners
The highest of the varnas or caste groups; the priests