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second travels of rizal
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SECOND TRAVELS OF DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
IN HONGKONG AND MACAO (1888)
HONGKONG AND MACAO
The Trip to Hong Kong
- February 3,1888 after a short stay of six months in his beloved Calamba, Rizal left Manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro.
- February 7, he did not get off the ship when it made brief stopover at Amoy.
For three reasons:
1. He was not feeling well
2. It was raining
3. He heard that the city was dirty
- February 8, he arrived in Hong Kong.
In Hong Kong
- He stayed ay Victoria Hotel. He was welcomed by the Filipino resident including Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio and Manuel Yriate.
- He wrote to Blumetritt on February 16,1888, “is small but very clean city”
In Hong Kong
- February 18, Rizal was accompanied by Basa, boarded the ferry steamer Kiu-Kiang for Macao and was surprised to see among the passengers a familiar figure-Sainz de Varanda.
- February 18, Rizal was accompanied by Ba...
IN MACAO
- Rizal and Basa stayed at the home of Don Juan Francisco Lecaros, a Filipino gentleman who married to a Portuguese.
- He also saw the famous Grotto of Camoens, Portugal’s national poet.
- February 19, he witnessed a Catholic procession.
- February 20, Rizal and Basa returned to Hongkong again on board the Kiu-Kiang.
February 19, he witnessed a Catholic processi...
Experiences in Hong Kong
1. Noisy celebration of t...
Experiences in Hong Kong
1. Noisy celebration of the Chinese New Year.
2. Boisterous Chinese theatre, with noisy audience and noisier music.
3. The marathon lauriat party. The longest meal in the world.
Departure form Hong Kong
- February 22, 1888, Rizal left Hong Kong on board the Oceanic, an American steamer.
Romantic Interlude in Japan(1888)
Rizal arrives in Yokohama
- February 28, 1888, Rizal arrived in Yokohama. He registered at the Grand Hotel
- The next day he proceeded to Tokyo and took a room at Tokyo Hotel.
Romantic Interlude in Japan(1888)
Rizal in Tokyo
- After Rizal’s arrival in Tokyo he was visited at hi hotel by Juan Peres Caballero. The latter invited him to live at Spanish Legation. Being an intelligent man, realized that the Spanish diplomatic authorities were instructed from manila to monitor his movements in Japan.
- He accepted the invitation for two reasons:
1. He could economize his living expenses by staying at the legation and
2. He had nothing to hide from prying eyes of the Spanish Legation.
Rizal in Tokyo
- He and Perez Caballero became good friends. ...
- He and Perez Caballero became good friends. He described the Spanish diplomat as “a young, fine, and excellent writer” an “an able diplomat who had traveled much”
- During his first day in Tokyo, Rizal was embarrassed because he did not know the Japanese language. To avoid further embarrassment, Rizal decided to study Japanese language. Being a born linguist, he was able to speak it within a few days. He also studied the Japanese drama (kabuki), art, music, and judo. He browsed in the museums, libraries, art galleries, and shrines. He visited Meguro, Nikko, Hakone, Miyanoshita, and the charming villages of Japan.
Rizal Tokyo Musicians
Rizal heard the Tokyo band playing a classical work of Strauss. He was impressed by the superb performances of the Western music. To Rizal’s amazement, they were talking in Tagalog. The musicians were equally surprised and delighted to meet him.
Rizal Tokyo Musicians
Romance with O-Sei-San
- Rizal saw a pretty Japanese. He was attracted to her regal loveliness. Rizal made inquiries among the legation employees and learned from one of them that she was Seiko Usui.
- Seiko-san was mildly amused at the gallant gentle man form the Philippines who speaks halting Japanese. The two then conversed in both English and French- the language barrier was thus eliminated.
- Since that first meeting, Rizal and O-Sei-San, as rizal called her, met almost daily. Together, they visited the interesting spots of the city - the Imperial Art Gallery, the Imperial Library, the universities, the Shokubutsu-en (botanical garden), the city parks (particularly Hibiya Park) and picturesque shrines.
- Both found happiness in each other’s company. Riz...
- Both found happiness in each other’s company. Rizal saw in lovely O-Sei-San the qualities of his ideal womanhood – beauty, charm, modesty, and intelligence.
- She helped Rizal in many ways. More than a sweetheart, she was his guide, interpreter, and tutor.
- O-Sei-San’s beauty and affection almost tempted Rizal to settle down in Japan. At the same time, he was offered a good job at the Spanish Legation.
Rizal on O-Sei-San
- Rizal’s greatest love for O-Sei-San is attested by the hero’s diary.
- Sayanora, Japan
- April 13, 1888, Rizal boarded the Belgic, an English steamer, at Yokohama, bound for the United States. He left Japan with a heavy heart, for he knew that he would never again see this beautiful “Land of the Cherry Blossoms” and his beloved O-Sei-San.
Rizal’s Impression of Japan
1. The beauty of the country- its flowers, mountains, streams, and scenic panoramas.
2. The cleanliness, politeness, and industry of the Japanese people.
3. The picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women.
4. There were very few thieves in Japan.
5. Beggars were rarely seen in the city streets, unlike in manila and other cities.
Voyage Across the Pacific
Despite his sorrow heart, Rizal enjoyed the pleasant trans-pacific voyage to the United States.
Rizal and Tetcho
- Rizal befriended on board was Tetcho Suehiro, a fighting Japanese journalist, novelist, and champion of human rights, who was forced by the Japanese government to leave the country, just as Rizal was compelled to leave the Philippines.
- Rizal and Tetcho were kindered spirits. Both were valiant patriots, implacable foes or injustice and tyranny.
- Tetcho came to admire Rizal, whose patriotism and magnificent talents greatly fascinated him and influmced him to fortify his own crusade for human rights in his own country.
- December 1,1888, after a last warm handshake a...
- December 1,1888, after a last warm handshake and bidding each other “goodbye,” Rizal and Tetcho parted ways- never meet again. Rizal remained in London to conduct historical researches on Mora at the British Museum , while tetcho returned to Japan.
- 1889, shortly after his return to Japan, he published his diary which contained impressions of Rizal.
- 1890 he was elected as member of the lower house of the Imperial Diet.
- 1891 he published a political novel titled Nank...
- 1891 he published a political novel titled Nankai-no-Daiharan (Storm Over the South Sea) resembles Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere in plot.
- 1894 he published another novel entitled O-unabara (The Big Ocean) which was similar to El Filibusterismo.
- February 1896, Tetcho died of heart attack (ten moths before Rizal’s execution). He was 49 years old.
O-Sei-San after Rizal’s Departure
- Mourned for a long time the lost of her love. Eventually became resigned to her fate cherishing unto death the nostalgic memories of her romance with Rizal.
- 1897, a year after Rizal’s execution, she married Alfred Charlton, British teacher of chemistry of Peer’s School in Tokyo. He died on November 2, 1915.
- O-Sei-San as a widow, lived in comfortable home in Shinjuko district, Tokyo. She survived the World War 2.
- She died on May 1, 1947 at the age of 80. She was buried in her husband’s tomb at Zoshigawa Cemetry.
“RIZAL'S VISIT TO THE UNISTED STATES” (1888)
“RIZAL'S VISIT TO THE UNISTED STATES” (1888)
April 28, 1888
-Rizal first saw America
-marred by racial prejudice, discriminatory treatment of the Chinese and the Negroes to the White Americans.
ARRIVAL IN SAN FRANCISCO
ARRIVAL IN SAN FRANCISCO
- April 28, 1888
-Saturday, morning
-docked at San Francisco
- All passengers were not allowed to land
-American health authorities placed the ship under quarantine on the ground that came from the Far East where a “cholera epidemic” was alleged to be raging.
- British Governor of Hongkong
-certified to t...
- British Governor of Hongkong
-certified to the absence of cholera cases in China
- POLITICS
-placing of the ship under quarantine.
- 643 Chinese coolies
-ship was carrying
- Pacific coast
-was against cheap coolie labor
- To win the votes of the Whites in California
-because of the near election, the administration impeded the entry of Chinese coolies.
AFTER A WEEK OF QUARANTINE
- First-class including Rizal
-permitted to land
- Second and third-class
-forced to remain on board for longer quarantine period
RIZAL IN SAN FRANCISCO
May 4,1888
-Friday afternoon
-permitted to go ashore
-Palace Hotel
-wrote on his diary
On his Diary
Leland Stanford
-a millionaire senator representing California in the United State Senate at that time
-founder and benefactor of Stanford University at Palo Alto, California.
ACROSS THE AMERICAN CONTINENT
ACROSS THE AMERICAN CONTINENT
- May 6, 1888
-Sunday, 4:30 pm
-left San Francisco for Oakland
-ferry boat
- Sacramento - supper
- May 7
-early morning
-had breakfast at Reno, Nevada (“The Biggest Little City in the World”)
TRAVEL OBSERVATIONS
- Monday, May 7
-Indian attire in semi-European suit and semi-Indian suit
-wide desserts -bare mountains
-unpopulated -sands
-lonely place
-bid extension of white land like chalk
Tuesday, May 8
- Utah State -3rd state, passed over
In approaching Ogden
-horses, oxen and trees
-small houses from a distance
- Ogden to Denver
-flowers with the yellow color
-mountains covered with snow at a distance
- Bank of Salt Lake
-more beautiful than other things
- Farminton – 3 Mormon boys
-sheep, cows and horses
-not thickly populated
- Provo
TRAVEL OBSERVATIONS
- Wednesday, May 9
-mountains
-rocks along the river
Colorado
-5th state, crossed over
-pines, tunnels
Pullman car- an American sort of thief
- Thursday, May 10
Nebraska- plain country
Omana- big city
TRAVEL OBSERVATIONS
- Sunday, May 13
Albany- big city
Hudson River
Banks of Hudson- little more solitary than those of the Pasig
Hudson- is wide
- beautiful ships
-sliced granite rocks
- beautiful houses between trees
- Sunday, May 13, 11:10 am
-end of the grand transcontinental trip
- Missouri River- twice as wide as the Pasig river in it’s widest part, marshy
Missouri Bridge- 2 and ½ mins
Illinois
- Friday, May 11
Chicago
-cultivated country
-8:14, Friday night
-every cigar store has an Indian figure and always different.
- Saturday, May 12
-afternoon, English territory(Canada)
-and soon see “Niagra Falls”
-greatest cascade he ever saw
RIZAL IN NEW YORK
- May 13
-Sunday morning
New York
-3 days, “big town”
-scenic and historic places
-George Washington
-wrote to Ponce: “He is a great man who, I think, has no equal in this country”
- May 16, 1888
he left New York for Liverpool on board the city of Rome
-”the second largest ship in the world,
the largest being the Great Eastern”
- colossal Statue of Liberty on Bedloe Island
RIZAL'S IMPRESSION OF AMERICA
RIZAL'S IMPRESSION OF AMERICA
*Good Impressions:
1. The material progress of the country as shown in the great cities, huge farms, flourishing industries and busy factories
2. The drive and energy of the American people
3. The natural beauty of the land
4. The high standard of living
5. The opportunities for better life offered to poor immigrants
Bad Impression
-lack of racial equality
-”They do not have true civil liberty. Insome states:
- Negro cannot marry a White woman nor Ehite man a Negress.
- Hatred against the Chinese leads to difficulty for other Asiatics who, like the Japanese, are mistaken for Chinese by the ignorant and therefore being disliked,too.”
1890
- Jose Alejandro- engineering, Belgium
-38 Rue Philippe Champagne, Brussels
-”What impressions do you have in America?”
Rizal:”America is the land par excellence of
freedom but only for the whites.”
RIZAL IN LONDON (1888-89)
RIZAL LIVED IN LONDON FOR THREE REASONS:
1. To improve his knowledge of the English language.
2. To study and annotate Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a rare copy of which he heard to be available in the British Museum.
3. London was a safe place for him to carry on his fight against Spanish tyranny.
Trip across the Atlantic
Rizal entertained the American and European passengers with his marvelous skill with the yo-yo as an offensive weapon.
Life in London
- He stayed as guest at the home of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor, an exile of 1872 and a practising lawyer in London.
- After that, he found a modest boarding place at No.37 Chalcot Crescent, Primrose Hill. He was a boarder of the Beckett family.
- Rizal came to know Dr. Reinhold Rost, the librarian of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and an authority on Malayan languages and customs. He called Rizal “ a pearl of a man “
News from home, good and bad
1. Persecution of the Filipino patriots who signed the “Anti-Friar Petition of 1888”.This petition was signed by about 800 patriots. It was addressed to the Queen Reagent of Spain requesting the expulsion of the friars.
2. Persecution of the Calamba tenants, including Rizal’s family and relatives, for their courage to petition the government for agrarian reforms.
3. Furious attacks on Rizal by Senators Salamanca and Vida in the Spanish Cortes and by Desenganos (Wenceslao E. Retana) and Quioquiap (Pablo Feced) in Spanish newspapers.
4. Rizals brother in law, Manuel T. Hidalgo was exiled by Governor General Weyler to Bohol without due process of law.
5. A friend of Rizal, Laureano Viado was arrested and jailed in Bilibid Prison because copies of the Noli were found in his house.
* Only one good news cheered Rizal, and that was Rev. Vincent Garcia’s defense of the Noli against the attacks of the friars.
4. Rizals brother in law, Manuel T. Hidalgo was exiled by Govern...
Short visit to paris and spain
- On September 1888,he visited Paris for a week, in order to search for more historical materials in the Bibliotheque Nationale and he returned to London.
- On December 11, 1888 he went to Spain, visiting Madrid and Barcelona. He contacted his compatriots and surveyed the political situation with regards to the agitation for Philippine reforms.
RIZAL BECOMES LEADER OF FILIPINOS IN EUROPE
- Rizal learned that the Filipinos in Barcelona were planning to establish a patriotic society which would cooperate in the crusade for reforms, it was called Asociacion La Solidaridad (Solidaridad Association) was inaugurated on December 31, 1888.
- By unanimous vote of all the members, Rizal was chosen honorary president. This was a recognition of his leadership among all Filipino patriots in Europe.
Rizal and the la solidaridad newspaper
The patriotic newspaper called La Solidaridad in Barcelona was a fortnightly periodical which served as the organ of the Propaganda Movement.
Its aims were as follows:
1. To work peacefully for political and social reforms.
2. To portray the deplorable conditions of the Philippines so that Spain may remedy them.
3. To oppose the evil forces of reaction and medievalism.
Rizal and the la solidaridad newspaper
4. To advocate liberal ideas and progress.
5. To champi...
4. To advocate liberal ideas and progress.
5. To champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people to life, democracy and happiness.
- First Article in La Solidaridad was entitled Los Agricultores Filipinos (The Filipino Farmers) and it was published on March 25, 1889. In this article, he depicted the deplorable conditions in the Philippines which cause the backwardness of the country.
Writings in london
La Vision del Fray Rodriguez (The Vision of Fray Rodriguez)- published in Barcelona under his nom-de-plume Dimas Alang.
- In this writing, Rizal demonstrated two things:
1.His profound knowledge.
2.His bitting satire.
Letter to the Young Woman of Malolos (February 22, 1889)
- It is upon the request of M.H. Del Pilar to praise the young ladies of Malolos for their courage to establish a school where they could learn Spanish, despite the opposition of Fr. Felipe Garcia, Spanish parish priest of Malolos.
THE MAIN POINTS OF THIS LETTER:
1.A Filipino mother should teach her children love of God, fatherland and mankind.
Letter to the Young Woman of Malolos (February 22, 1889)
- It is upon t...
Dr. Rost editor of Trubners Record, a journal devoted to Asian studies, requested Rizal to contribute some articles. In response to his request, the latter prepared two articles:
1.Specimens of Tagal Folklore which was published in the journal May 1889.
2.Two Eastern Fables published in June 1889.
2. The Filipino mother should be glad, like the Spartan mother, to offer her sons in the defense of the fatherland.
3. A Filipino woman should know how to preserve her dignity and honor.
4. A Filipino woman should educate herself, aside from retaining her good racial virtues.
5. Faith is not merely reciting long prayers and wearing religious pictures, but rather it is living the real Christian way, with good morals and good manners.
Dr. Rost editor of Trubners Record, a journal devoted to Asian studi...
Romance with gertrude beckett
- Gertrude Beckett was the oldest of the three Beckett sisters. Gertrude, Gettie as she was affectionally called, was a buxom English girl with brown hair, blue eyes, and rosy cheeks.
- She had a sunny smile for Rizal, chattering gaily like a huming bird.
- She gave Rizal all her attention.
- She helped Rizal by mixing his colors for painting or assisted in preparing the clay for sculpturing.
* Rizal suddenly realized that he could not marry Gettie for he had a mission to fulfill in life.
Romance with gertrude beckett
The four sculptural works
Prometheus Bound
The Triumph of Death over Life
The Triumph of Science over Death
A composite carving of the heads of the Beckett sisters
* The Triumph of Death over Life and the Triumph of Science over Death was packed by Rizal and sent them to Bluementritt in Leitmeritz.
RIZAL’S SECOND SOJOURN IN PARIS AND THE UNIVERSALEXPOSITION OF 1889
RIZAL’S SECOND SOJOURN IN PARIS AND THE UNIVERSALEXPOSITI...
I. DIFFICULTY OF FINDING QUARTERS
The Universal Exposition of 1889 attracted thousand of tourists; thus, all hotel accommodations were taken
VALENTINE VENTURA
- He lived in the house of this friend while he is in Paris.
CAPITAN JUSTO TRINIDAD
- Roommate of Rizal
- Former Gobernadorcillo of Sta. Ana and refugee from Spanish tyranny
JOSE ALBERT
- Young student from manila
II. LIFE IN PARIS
JUAN LUNA, PARDO de TAVERAS, THE VENTURAS, THE BOUSTEADS, etc.
- close friends of Rizal
DR. TRINIDAD H. PADRO de TEVERA
- physician by vocation and philologist by avocation
DR. FELIX PARDO de TAVERA
- also physician by vocation and an artist and sculptor by avocation
PAZ PARDO de TAVERA
- wife of Juan Luna
MARIA de la PAZ, BIANCA, LAUREANA, HERMENEGILDA JUANA LUNA y PARDO de TAVERA
- daughter of Juan Luna and Paz Pardo de Tavera
- Her name was chosen by Rizal (her godfather)
One of the letters to his family in Calamba Rizal wrote was dated MAY 16, 1889 and the other was dated SEPTEMBER 21, 1889.
III. RIZAL AND PARIS EXPOSITION OF 1889
MAY 6, 1889
- date of Universal Exposition
EIFFEL TOWER
- is the main attraction of the Universal Exposition
ALEXANDER EIFFEL
- engineer who built the Eiffel Tower
INTERNATIONAL ART COMPETITION
- Felix R. Hidalgo, Juan Luna, Felix Pardo de Tavera, and Rizal participated
IV. KIDLAT CLUB
KIDLAT CLUB
- a society that Rizal found to bring the young Filipinos together in the French capital.
March 19, 1889
- day when he arrived in Paris from London
March 19, 1889
- a letter to Blumentritt
IV. KIDLAT CLUB
V. INDIOS BRAVOS
INDIOS BRAVOS (BRAVE INDIANS)
- It replaced the ephemeral Kidlat Club
- Members of this society pledged to excel in intellectual and physical prowess in order to win the admiration of the foreigners.
V. INDIOS BRAVOS
VI. R.D.M.L. SOCIETY
R.D.L.M.
- Redencion de los Malayos ( Redemption of the Malays )
It was patterned after Freemasonry
The aim of the secret society , as stated by Rizal was the “propagation of all useful knowledge scientific, artistic, literary, etc. in the Philippines.”
LETTER TO BULMENTRITT
- Revealed his intentions to be a leader of freedom, if not in the Philippines , then in Borneo
VII. ANNOTED EDITION OF MORGA PUBLISHED
Blumentritt censured Rizal for two things which revealed Rizal’s errors, namely:
- Rizal commits the error of many historians in appraising the events of the past in the light of present standards
- Rizal’s attack on the church were unfair and unjustified.
VII. ANNOTED EDITION OF MORGA PUBLISHED
VIII. THE PHILIPPINES WITHIN A CENTURY
In this article, Rizal predicted with amazing accuracy the tragic end of Spain’s sovereignty in Asia
Colonies established to sub serve the policy and commerce of the sovereign country, all eventually become independent
VIII. THE PHILIPPINES WITHIN A CENTURY
IX. THE INDOLENCE OF THE FILIPINOS
It is an able defense of the alleged indolence of the Filipinos.
Rizal made a critical study of the causes why his people did not work hard during the Spanish regime.
His main thesis
- Filipinos are not by nature indolent
IX. THE INDOLENCE OF THE FILIPINOS
X.INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FILIPINOLOGIST
X.INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FILIPINOLOGIST
The aim of association is to study the Philippines from the scientific and historical point of view
There inaugural convention did not materialize because the French government discouraged the holding of conference by private organization during the period of the international exposition.
xi. PROJECT FOR FILPINO COLLEGE IN HONG-KONG
This college aims to “train and educate men of good family and financial means in accordance with the demands of modern time and circumstances.”
A rich Filipino resident in Paris, Mr. Mariano Cunanan, from Mexico, Pampanga, promised to help him raised P40,000 as initial capital for the college.
This project of Rizal did not materialized.
xi. PROJECT FOR FILPINO COLLEGE IN HONG-KONG
xii. Por telefono
This satirical pamphlet under the authorship of “Dimas Salang” is a witty satire which ridicules Fr. Font.
Rizal predicted much ahead of this times that people could carry on overseas telephonic, 12 years after publication of Rizal’s “Por Telefono”
xii. Por telefono
IN BELGIAN BRUSSELS (1890)
January 26,1890, Rizal left Paris for Brussels,
2 reasons:
• the cost of living in Paris was very high because of Universal Exposition.
• The gay social life in the city hampered his literary works.
Life in Brussels
Rizal was accompanied by Jose Albert and liter left the city and was replaced by Jose Alejandro.
He spent part of his time in medical clinic and for recreation he had gymnastics of the gymnasium.
Articles Published in La Solidaridad
April 301889 – “ A La Defensa “, a reply to an anti-Filipino writing of Patricio de la Escosura.
May 31,1889 – “ La Verdad Para Todos “ , a defense against the Spanish charges.
June 15, 1889 – “Vicente Barrantes” , exposes Barrantes ‘ ignorance on tagalog theatrical arts.
July 31, 1889 – “ Una Profanacion “ , bitter attack against the friars for denying a Christian burial to Mariano Herbosa because he was a brother in law of Rizal.
“Verdades Nuevas” , a reply to Vicente Belloc Sanchez.
August 15,1889 – “Crueldad”, a defense of Blumentritt from the scutrillous attacks to his enemies.
September 15,1889- “Differencias”’ a reply to a biased article entitled “ Old truths”.
November 30,1889- “ Inconsequencias” a defense of Antonio Luna against the attack of Pablo Mir Deas.
“ Llanto y Risas” a denunciation of Spanish racial prejudice.
January 15,1890- “ Ingratitudes” a reply to Governor General Valeriano Weyler.
September 1886- Rizal adopted the Filipinized tagalog orthography in his tagalog translations.
April 15, 1890- “ Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la Lengua Tagala “ was published in La Solidaridad.
May 28,1890- Rizal wrote to M.H. del Pilar to remind Filipinos on Madrid that they did not come to Europe to gumble but to work for their Fatherland’s freedom.
Articles Published in La Solidaridad
Bad News from Home
The Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worse. The tenants including Rizal’s family were persecuted.
June 5, 1890- Rizal wrote a to his sister Soledad.
Presentiment of Death
In his moment of despair Rizal had bad dreams during the nights when he was restless because he was always thinking of his unhappy family in Calamba. Although he was not superstitious, he feared that he would not live long. He was not afraid to die, but he wanted to finish his second novel before he went to his grave.
June 11 1890- the morbid presentiment of early death was divulged by him to M.H del Pilar in letter from Brussels.
Presentiment of Death
Preparation to go Home
Rizal planned to go home because could not stay in Brussels writing a book while his parents, relatives and friends in the distant Philippines were persecuted.
July 29,1890- he wrote to Ponce, opposing Graciano’s plan of action.
July 18,1890- he expressed his determination to go home.It was another letter to Ponce.
Preparation to go Home
Decision to Go to Madrid
Rizal ignored the dire warning of his friends. No threat of danger could change his plan.
June 20,1890- Rizal wrote M.H del Pilar retaining the latter’s services as a lawyer.
July 29, 1890- another letter to Ponce.
Decision to Go to Madrid
Romance with Petite Jacoby
Rizal was so charming and dignified a gentleman that Petite Susan was attracted to him.
Romance with Petite Jacoby
BIARRITZ VACATION AND ROMANCE WITH NELLY BOUSTED (1891)
BIARRITZ VACATION
WITH THE BOUSTEADS
- Rizal arrived in the beginning of February 1891
VILLA ELIADA
Wrote to Mariano Ponce on February 11, 1891 about his improved health
Wrote to Mariano Ponce on February 11, 1891 about h...
ROMANCE WITH NELLIE BOUSTEAD
Nelly reciprocated his love but unfortunately Rizal's marriage proposal failed for two reasons:
Nelly reciprocated his love but unfortunately Rizal's marria...
1. Rizal refused to give up his Catholic faith and be converted to Protestantism, as Nelly demanded.
2. Nelly's mother did not like Rizal as a son in law
EL FILIBUSTERISMO FINISHED IN BIARRITZ
On MARCH 29, 1891, the eve of his departure from Biarritz to Paris, he finished the manuscript of El Filibusterismo
EL FILIBUSTERISMO FINISHED IN BIARRITZ
TO PARIS AND BACK TO BRUSSELS
- Proceeded to Paris with by a train
MISFORTUNE IN MADRID
EL FILIBUSTERISMO PUBLISHED IN GHENT
Days flew like fleeting arrows in Brussels. Rizal unmindful of Suzanne Jacoby’s enticing affection, was busy correcting and polishing his second novel – El Filibustirismo.
October, 1887- He begun writing in Calamba.
1888 - He made some changes in the plot and revised the chapter already written.
- He wrote more chapters in Paris, Madrid and Biarritz.
March 29,1891 – he finished the manuscript in Biarritz, , after toiling on it for three years.
From Brussels, Rizal moved to Ghent, where printing was cheaper.
September 18,1891- El Filibustirismo, the sequel to the Noli, came of the press.
Privations in Ghents
Privations in Ghents
July 5,1891 –Rizal left Brussels for Ghent.
Reasons :
The cost of living was lower
The price of printing was much cheaper than Brussels
To escape from the enticing attraction of petite suzzane
Owing to his limited funds , Rizal lived in a cheap boarding house, with Jose Alejandro as room mate.
They lived frugally in Ghent for three months – from July to September , 1891.
To economize further on their living expenses, they prepared their own breakfast
Privations in Ghents
Printing of “El Filibustirismo”
Printing of “El Filibustirismo”
Rizal searched for a printing shop that could give him the lowest quotation for the publication of his novel.
At last he did find a publisher – F. MEYER-VAN LOO PRESS, No.66 Viaanderen Street – who was willing to print his book instalment basis.
He pawned his jewels in order to pay the down payment and early partial payments during the printing of the novel.
Rizal became desprate because his funds were running low.
He received some money from Basa and P200 from Rodriguez Arias for the copies of Morga’s Sucesos sold in Manila but these funds also used up.
July 1891- Rizal wrote a letter to Basa saying that if no money comes he have to stop El Fili’s publication.
August 6- The printing had to be suspended, as Rizal feared, because he could no longer give the necessary funds to the printer.
“El Filibusterismo’’ Comes Off the Press
- In his morbid momentsof despair, Rizal Almost burned the manuscript of El Filibusterismo.
- When everything seemed lost, help came from an expected source. Valentin Ventura heard of Rizal’s predicament and and immediately sent the amount needed to finish the publication of the novel.
- September 18, 1891- El Fili came off to press.
- Rizal immediately sent 2 copies to Hongkong – one for Basa and the other for Sixto Lopez.
- He gratefully gave the original manuscript of El Fili and a printed copy with his autograph to Valentin Ventura.
“El Filibusterismo’’ Comes Off the Press
In his morbid momentsof despair, Rizal Almost burned the manuscript of El Filibusterismo.
When everything seemed lost, help came from an expected source. Valentin Ventura heard of Rizal’s predicament and and immediately sent the amount needed to finish the publication of the novel.
September 18, 1891- El Fili came off to press.
Rizal immediately sent 2 copies to Hongkong – one for Basa and the other for Sixto Lopez.
He gratefully gave the original manuscript of El Fili and a printed copy with his autograph to Valentin Ventura.
In his morbid momentsof despair, Rizal Almost burned t...
OPTHALMIC SURGEON IN HONGKONG 1891-1892
Rizal left Europe to go to Hongkong. He lived their for 1891-1892.
OPTHALMIC SURGEON IN HONGKONG 1891-1892
REASONS FOR LEAVING EUROPE:A. Life was unbearable because of political differences with Marcelo del Pilar and other Filipinos in Spain. B. To be near with his family and his idolized Philippines.
REASONS FOR LEAVING EUROPE:A. Life was unbearab...
FAREWELL TO EUROPE
FAREWELL TO EUROPEOCTOBER 3, 1891- Rizal left Ghent for Paris-Rizal proceeded by train to MARSEILLES-OCTOBER 18- He boarded the steamer Melbourne bound for Hongkong
FAREWELL TO EUROPE
He brought a recommendation letter given by Juan Luna f...
He brought a recommendation letter given by Juan Luna for Manuel Camus. Manuel Camus- a compatriot living in Singapore. A student and a mason. He also became a senator of the Philippines later on. There were 80 1st class passengers. Rizal befriended many missionaries. Rizal and the German Ladies"He is a fine fellow, A father Domaso without pride and malice" -Fr. Fuchs
ARRIVED IN HONGKONG
NOVEMBER 20, 1891- RIZAL ARRIVED AT HONGKONG
=Rizal was welcomed by his fellow Filipinos, especially his old friend JOSE MA. BASA
=He also opened his medical clinic
OPHTHALMIC SURGEON IN HONGKONG
DR. LORENZO P MARQUES- A friend and admirer who helped him to biuld a clientele.Rizal successfully operated the left eye of his mother.
JANUARY 31, 1892- he wrote a letter to Blumentritt. "Here I practice as...
JANUARY 31, 1892- he wrote a letter to Blumentritt. "Here I practice as a doctor and I have.. here many sick because there is an epiedemic. Through the newspaper I am informed that this sickness is also causing ravages in Europe. ....“-Rizal was given moral support amd substantial aid in his medical practice in Hongkong from some of his friends in Europe.