Chronic Renal Failure

BLOOD TOXICITY LEVELS

• The kidneys no longer filter the blood and get rid of toxins, which increase blood toxicity.

BLOOD TOXICITY LEVELS

• Healthy kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin (EPO).
• The hormone is a chemical produced by the body and released into the blood to help trigger or regulate particular body functions.
• EPO prompts the bone marrow to make red blood cells, which then carry oxygen throughout the body

THE 5 STAGES

Stage 1: 90mL/min/1.73m2

Stage 2: 60-89mL/min/1.73m2

Stage 3: 30-59mL/min/1.73m2

Stage 4: 15-29mL/min/1.73m2

Stage 5: 15mL/min/1.73m2 or less

THE 5 STAGES

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

• Skeletal System: Bone Deformity
• Respiratory System: Pulmonary Edema
• CV: HTN, HF, Left Ventrical Hypertrophy
• Neurological: Decreased Motor Function, Peripheral Neuropathy and Coma
• Hematologic: Anemia
• GI: Anorexia, Mouth Ulcers, Nausea, Vomiting, GI Bleed and Pancreatitis

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

REFERENCES

Huesther, S. E., McCance, K. L., Brashers, V. L., Rote, N. S. (2012).

Understanding Pathophysiology (5th edition). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.

Lewis, S. L., Dirksen, S. R., Heitkemper, M. M.,Bucher, L.,

Camera, I., Barry, M. A., Goldsworthy, S., Goodridge, D. (2014). Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada (3rd Canadian Edition). Retrieved March 10, 2018 from http://texidium.com

REFERENCES

National Kidney Center. (2018). Stages 1 to 2. Retrieved March 10, 2018 from

http://www.nationalkidneycenter.org/chronic-kidney-disease/stages/stages-1-to-2/

National Kidney Center. (2018). Stages 3 to 4. Retrieved March 10, 2018 from

http://www.nationalkidneycenter.org/chronic-kidney-disease/stages/stages-3-to-4/

National Kidney Center. (2018). Stage 5. Retrieved March 10, 2018 from

http://www.nationalkidneycenter.org/chronic-kidney-disease/stages/stage-5/

CRF Treatments

Hemodiaylsis

-artifical kidney

-balance electrolytes and removes wastes

Drug therapy

-ACE inhibitors

-ARBs

-Importance to follow through

CRF Treatments

REFERENCES

Contrast Dye and the Kidneys. (2017). Retrieved from

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/Contrast-Dye-and-Kidneys

Gulanick, M., & Myers, J. L. (2017). Nursing Care Plans (9th ed.).

Lewis, S. L., Mclean Heitkemper, M., Bucher, L., & Camera, I. M. (2014).

Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada (8th ed.).

Lilley, L. L., Rainforth Collins, S., Snyder, J. S., Swart, B., Savoca, D., &Gorospe,

F. F. (2017). Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practices (7th ed.).

Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P. A., Hall, A. M., Ross-Kerr, J. C., Wood, M.

J., . . . Duggleby, W. (2014). Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing (5th ed.).

Van Leeuwen, A. M., & Bladh, M. L. (2017). Davis's Comprehensive Handbook

of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests with Nursing Implications (7th ed.).

REFERENCES

Facing the Facts. (n.d.). Retrieved March

13, 2018, from https://www.kidney.ca/facing-the-facts

REFERENCES

DIET

EXERCISE

• a moderately active lifestyle promotes muscle tone and wellbeing
• patient encouragement is crucial to aid in adherence to care plan
• interdisciplinary team: nurse and PT

EXERCISE

MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS

MEDICATIONS

Medications are one of the ways a patient with CRF can promote their health.

It can alleviate and manage their symptoms.

Since CRF is associated with HTN and Diabetes the medications taken for CRF will also treat the other health complications.

It is important that the health care provider is making sure the elderly patient is adhering to the proper intake of medicines and report any adverse effects

Interdisciplinary team: nurse, physician and

pharmacist

CASE STUDY

• Name: Sydney Tailure
• Age: 66
• Hx: CKD, HTN, Diabetes II, OA
• Lab Values: eGFR: >30mL/minute, BUN: <50mg/dl, glucose and protein found in the urine
• Symptoms: Fatigue
• High BMI

CASE STUDY

What kidney stage is this patient at?

What health promotions would you implement for this patient?

What type of tests were ordered for this patient?