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Asfia Mohammed OTR, MOT
Senior Occupational Therapist
MD Anderson Cancer Center
Impact occupational performance and participation in therapy
Normal reaction to life-threatening illness
Range of distress can vary from mild sadness to severe disability
Unpleasant emotional experience that can hamper the ability to cope (NCCN; 2017)
Untreated distress can lead to low compliance with treatments and therapy
(Lyons, K, 2020)
An emotional state that is felt as tension, worry, or irritability... (Kazdin, 2000)
(Lyons, K, 2020)
Presents with persistent anhedonia, sadness, poor sleep or appetite, low energy, or poor concentration (World Health organization, 2012)
(Lyons, K, 2020)
(NCCN, 2017)
(Spitzer, 2006)
Act of performing a personally selected and meaningful occupation within a specific setting and context (AOTA, 2014)
Combat avoidance related coping strategies by facilitating occupational engagement while incorporating positive coping strategies
Resilience
Personal Strength
Personal experiences improve adaptation, awareness, and psychological functioning after confronting an upsetting event (Tedeschi et al., 1998).
Spirituality
Recognition of new possibilities for life choices
Appreciation of life and social relationships
Goal re-engagement: directing renewed energy toward important and achievable goals
Involvement in pleasant activities
Facilitate avoidance of maladaptive coping strategies and foster positive strategies.
Maladaptive strategies:
Positive Re-framing
Conditional goal setting: happiness depends on achieving a certain goal or condition
Active coping
Avoidant coping: avoid things that trigger negative memories or emotions, report more negative changes since diagnosis
Acceptance
Rumination and catastrophize: focus attention on source of distress opposed to solutions, predict negative outcomes and assume it will be unbearable
Religious Coping
(Lyons, 2020)
Facilitate engagement in meaningful activities despite the presence of worrisome or negative affect
Remember people struggling with distress, anxiety or depression cope by avoiding situations that provoke uncomfortable emotions
Scheduling daily activities
Incorporate stress management techniques
Promote healthy habits
Identifying avoidance behaviors
Problem solving to promote adaptive coping
Contact me via email
ammohammed@mdanderson.org
American Occupational Therapy Association. (2014).
Occupational therapy practice framework: Domain and process (3rd ed.). American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 68(Suppl. 1), S1-S48. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2014.682006
Kazdin, A. E. (Ed.). (2000). Encyclopedia of psychology.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Lyons, K. (2020). Psychological Issues. In B. Braveman & R.
Newman (Eds.), Cancer and occupational therapy: Enabling performance and participation across the lifespan (pp. 253-264). AOTA Press.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (2017). NCCN clinical
practice guidelines in oncology: Distress management. Retrieved from https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physican_gls/pdf/distress.pdf
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Lowe, B. (2006).
A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 1092-1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
Tedeschi, R. G., Park, C. L., & Calhoun, L. G. (1998). Postraumatic growth: Conceptual issues, In
R. C. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. C. Calhoun (Eds.), Postraumatic growth: Postive changes in the aftermath of crisis (pp. 1-22). Mahwah, NJ: lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli1501_01
World Health Organization. (2012). Depression fact sheet.
Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression