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Redemptive History Timeline
3
The Timeline
of Redemption
Abigail and Mercy
CREATION
God created the world good
Creation
Creation & Its Purpose
Creation & Its Purpose
God created the universe out of nothing simply by speaking.
Everything was good.
Made in the image of God, humans were to rule over creation as God's stewards. Adam and Eve, the first humans, lived in the Garden of Eden.
The goal of creation was achieved on the seventh day as God rested.
FALL
Where humans fall short of God's glory
Fall
Sin, God's Redemptive Plan
Sin, God's Redemptive Plan
God commanded Adam to NOT eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Sin and death entered the world when Adam and Eve ate from the forbidden tree when the serpent tempted them.
God cursed the world, but also had a plan of redemption. He promised an offspring of the woman who would ultimately defeat Satan, the serpent.
The Flood and Noah
Humans became more and more sinful, and God decided to wipe them all out.
However, God told Noah, a righteous man, to build an ark for his family and the animals.
The flood came and wiped out all life on earth. But those on the ark were spared, for God had made a covenant with Noah.
COVENANT
COVENANTS
A covenant is an unbreakable promise between two sides. God made various covenants with mankind over history, and these covenants can be seen as partnerships where God makes a promise and asks people to fulfill commitments.
While there are four old covenants (with Noah, Abraham, Moses, and David), there is one new covenant that came about through Jesus Christ.
Noahic Covenant
Noahic Covenant
God promised Noah that he and his family, along with every kind of animal, would be kept alive from the flood in the ark.
After the flood, God made a covenant with all living things, promising to never wipe out all life on earth with a flood again. The rainbow is the sign of this covenant.
This covenant required no commitment from mankind's side.
Israel (Fall)
God chose a people for Himself to fulfill his redemptive plan through, but the Israelites were less than perfect and faced many turbulent waves of this world.
ISRAEL
Abraham & Covenant
God chose Abraham's line to bless the world and called him to travel to Canaan.
Even though Abraham would doubt and lie, God still chose him. Because of Abraham's faith, he was counted as righteous before God.
Abrahamic Covenant
Abrahamic Covenant
God made a covenant with Abraham, promising to make him the father of a great nation and giving him the land of Canaan. Abraham's commitment required faithfulness, blamelessness, and circumcision.
Abraham far from perfect, but when God made a covenant with Abraham, He took all the consequences on Himself.
FOUR ELEMENTS OF A NATION
FOUR ELEMENTS OF A NATION
God called Abraham to become a father of a great nation. These four elements are fulfilled over Israel's history.
1. People
2. Land
3. Law
4. Blessings
The "blessings" element was fulfilled when God blessed Abraham.
Isaac, Event on Mount Moriah
Isaac, Event of Mount Moriah
Despite the facts that Abraham was old and his wife Sarah was barren, Isaac was born, just as God promised.
Later, God tested Abraham by commanding him to sacrifice Isaac to Him on Mount Moriah. Right as Abraham was ready to kill his son, God stopped him and provided a ram to be the sacrifice in Isaac's place.
Moses & Law
The Israelites moved to Egypt during a famine and and grew in number. This fulfilled the "people" element of a nation.
Pharaoh was afraid of the Israelites and enslaved them.
God sent Moses to liberate the Israelites. After ten plagues sent by God, Pharaoh finally let God's people go. The Israelites followed God to Canaan, the Promised Land.
The Passover
The Passover
The last plague was the death of the firstborn son. God commanded the Israelites to slaughter a lamb and place its blood on their door frames. When God saw the blood, He would pass over the house and spare the firstborn.
The Israelites were also to eat a meal of unleavened bread to prepare for their exodus from Egypt.
Mount Sinai, the Law
Mount Sinai, the Law
The Israelites traveled through the desert to Mount Sinai, where Moses spoke with God, receiving the law. This is where the "law" element of a nation is fulfilled.
The law included moral laws, civic laws, and ceremonial laws (not just the 10 commandments). Loving God and loving your neighbors are the two greatest commandments.
As humans are unable to live sinless lives, the law is not for us to earn righteousness. Instead, it shows us that we need salvation. When God provides this salvation, obedience comes as a response to His grace.
Mosaic Covenant
The Mosaic Covenant
God made a covenant with the Israelites. He promised to make them His treasured possession, His holy nation of priests. The commitment required of the Israelites was that they obey and keep God's covenant.
David & Kingdom
Joshua led the Israelites into Canaan, fulfilling the "Land" part of the elements.
David was a man after God's heart
He was anointed king after Saul was abandoned by God and ruled under God faithfully.
He sinned but repented wholeheartedly and received God's forgiveness.
He suffered the consequences, but he still followed God and lead the Israeli to worship him.
What God Promised David
Davidic Covenant
2 Samuel 7
Now I will make your name great, like the names of the greatest men on earth. And I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them so that they can have a home of their own and no longer be disturbed. Wicked people will not oppress them anymore, as they did at the beginning and have done ever since the time I appointed leaders over my people Israel. I will also give you rest from all your enemies. “‘The Lord declares to you that the Lord himself will establish a house for you: When your days are over and you rest with your ancestors, I will raise up your offspring to succeed you, your own flesh and blood, and I will establish his kingdom. He is the one who will build a house for my Name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. I will be his father, and he will be my son. When he does wrong, I will punish him with a rod wielded by men, with floggings inflicted by human hands. But my love will never be taken away from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom I removed from before you. Your house and your kingdom will endure forever before me; your throne will be established forever.
Prophets & Exile
In both kingdoms, Israelites worshiped idols under their evil kings instead of God.
God send many prophets to turn them back to him and warn them of the consequences of their sins.
In the end, God send the stubborn Israelites to exile, where their homes were destroyed by other power empires and were left to wander outside.
God's Messengers
Prophets
They were people chosen by God to speak his messages to the people.
They spoke of the consequences of the people's sins and the future Messiah that will rescue the people from this world.
Their messages were hated by the people and they were scorned by them.
The prophets were divided into two sections, Major prophets and Minor prophets. They spoke to Judah and Israel, and other nations.
Major Prophets
Major Prophets
Categorized by how much they have wrote, not by importance
Isaiah- Jews in Judah
Jeremiah- Jews in Judah and captivity
Ezekiel- Jews captive in Babylon
Daniel- Jews captive in Babylon and Gentile kings
Minor Prophets
Minor Prophets
Jonah- Nineveh
Amos & Hosea- Kingdom of Israel
Obadiah, Joel, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah- Kingdom of Judah
Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi- Jews who returned back to their homeland
God's Judgment
Exile
The Israelites didn't accept the prophets' messages and repent.
God send them to exile as a punishment for their unfaithfulness to him.
In 701 BC Israel was conquered by the Assyrians.
In 597 BC Judah was conquered by the Babylonians
Redemption
Redemption
We are redeemed by the Lamb's blood
How Jesus Was Born
Birth Fulfillment
1. Micah 5:2- born in Bethlehem
Matthew 2:1- Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea
2. Isaiah 7:4- Virgin birth
Luke 1:26-31- Virgin Mary gave birth to Jesus
3. Hosea 11:1- Out of Egypt I called my son
Matthew 2:14-15- Joseph brought his family down to Egypt and return after Herod's death
4. Jeremiah 13:15- Rachel wept her children's deaths
Matthew 2:16-18- Herod killed all the boys in Bethlehem
How Jesus Lived and Died
Life Fulfillment
1. Isaiah 53:3- Despised and rejected by mankind
John 1:11- He came to that which was his own, but was not received by them
2. Psalms 69:4- Hated without reason, forced to restore what he didn't steal
Mark 14:57-58- Jesus was falsely accused
3. Isaiah 53:7- Oppressed but didn't open his mouth, like a lamb led to slaughter
Mark 15:4-5- Jesus didn't reply to Pilate's questions
4. Psalms 34:20- He will protect his bones, not one will be broken
John 19: 33-36- Soldiers didn't break Jesus's legs
New Covenant
Hebrews 9:14-15
How much more, then, will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself unblemished to God, cleanse our consciences from acts that lead to death, so that we may serve the living God! For this reason Christ is the mediator of a new covenant, that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance—now that he has died as a ransom to set them free from the sins committed under the first covenant.
Similarities and Differences
OLD
NEW
Similarities and Differences
- want to make humans right with God
- atonement required
- obedience important
- Christ was the sacrifice
- once and for all
- all peoples
- law written on hears
- truly saves
- justification
- humans make sacrifices
- every year
- with Israel
- law written on stone
- symbolism
- condemnation
Fulfillment
Jesus showed how humanity and Israel should be like
He was the perfection of creation and a new king
He kept the Old Covenant while no one could
New nation, new temple, never sinned
Promised Messiah
Restoration
The world will be restored back to its original glory when Jesus returns