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Logical Fallacies (Day 1)
100
Logical Fallacies
1
Day 1
Logical Fallacies You Already Know
2
#1
Appeal to Logic (logos)
The writer/speaker relies too heavily on facts, stats, or attempts at explaining her idea through reasoning
#2
Appeal to Authority (ethos)
The writer/speaker relies too heavily on the the authority of an individual or group rather than the relevant facts.
#3
Appeal to Emotion (pathos)
The writer/speaker relies too heavily on emotion (sad, happy, fear, etc.) to convince the reader/viewer.
Three (new) Logical Fallacies
Slippery Slope
Slippery Slope
Slippery Slope
Definition: Once an individual takes one action, a second and third action will inevitably follow
Example: If you don't do your homework, you'll get a zero. If you get a zero, you'll feel terrible about yourself. When you feel terrible, you eat ice cream. When you eat ice cream, you gain weight. And when you gain weight, none of your clothes fit anymore. Conclusion: Do your homework or else you'll need to buy a new wardrobe.
Bandwagon
Bandwagon
Bandwagon
Definition: If the majority of people believe an argument or choose a specific action, then their argument must be true, or their action must be follwed, or their choice is best.
Example: Nearly everyone in the world believes that the world is flat, so why would you ever think it's round? You're clearly an idiot.
Either/Or
Either/Or (or False Dilemma)
Either/Or (or False Dilemma)
Definition: An argument built upon the idea that only two choices or possible outcomes exist when actually several possibilities exist.
Example: We must build a border wall in the southern United States to stop illegal immigration or our American way of life will be destroyed.