Homeostasis by Adam Sharkey

Two Body Systems that work together

Nervous System

Two Systems

Muscular System

The Central and Peripheral Nervous System

A system of the body that includes the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs and receives, interprets, and responds to stimuli from inside and outside the body.

Nervous System

Muscular System

The system in the body composed of muscle cells and tissues that brings about movement of an organ or body part.

Muscular System

The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord.

Brain tissue is composed of neuronal, glial and endothelial cells.

Central

Nervous

System

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue. It encloses the central canal of the spinal cord, which contains cerebrospinal fluid.

The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves and ganglia, or swellings of nerve cell bodies on nerve fibers.

Peripheral

Nervous

System

Nerve, or neural, tissue consists of neurons and neuroglia. Neurons are highly specialized cells that have the ability to generate and also conduct nerve impulses.

At a Glance

At a Glance

Skeletal Muscle

Muscles that is attached to the bones of the body, known as the skeleton, are called skeletal muscles.

This type of muscle is voluntary. It does not move on its own, like the cardiac muscle, also known as the heart.

Skeletal muscle is responsible for producing all the movements of the body. It is made up of long fibres crossed with a pattern of red and white lines.

Connective tissue holds the muscles together. Muscle tissue communicates with nerves and blood vessels.

Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Smooth Muscle is the supporting tissue of blood vessels. It also makes up the inside of hollow organs like the stomach and the bladder.

It is called smooth muscle because it does not have the red and white lines found in skeletal and cardiac muscle.

Smooth muscle in the stomach aids with digestion. In the urinary tract, it helps rid the body of toxins. It is also found throughout the arteries where it helps regulate blood pressure and oxygenate the blood.

Cardiac Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Cardiac muscle is know as the heart muscle or the myocardium. It is an involuntary muscle, like smooth muscle, but it is striated (has red and white lines) like skeletal muscle.

Cardiac muscle never stops moving. It has a rhythmic action that pumps blood through the body constantly.

The cells of the heart muscle branch out and are wrapped around the chambers of the heart in layers. As the cells contract, the chambers of the heart get smaller, forcing blood in and out of the chambers.

Cardiac Muscle

Baroreceptors are located in the cardiac muscle. They sense pressure changes in by noticing changes in the arterial walls. They send information to the brain on these changes.

The brain sends messages to the cardiac muscle to regulate the blood pressure.

Cardiac

Muscle

There are several different ways that smooth muscle can be excited or relaxed.

Some examples of smooth muscle are muscle in the stomach used for digestion and the uterus which is used for birthing a baby.

Chemicals in the brain can cause excitation or relaxation of the smooth muscle.

Smooth Muscle does not have

a special connection with nerve fibers like other muscle.

Smooth

Muscle

Nerve fibers pass close to the smooth muscle and release neurotransmitters from the swellings in the fiber.

Reasons to relax smooth muscle could be to calm a stomach ache and to stop early childbirth.

Chemicals administered to the body can also cause excitation or relaxation of smooth muscle.

The brain controls the contraction

of the skeletal muscle.

When the body temp drops, the brain can cause

the muscles

to shiver.

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal

muscle is

responsible for movement of the body.

Contraction

and release

of muscle allows

the body to move.